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'Inferior knowledge', a class of writings subordinate to the Vedas. There are four such Upavedas, one being attached to each of the four Vedas: thus आयुर्वेद or Medicine to ऋग्वेद; (according to some authorities such as Suśruta it is a part of the Atharvaveda); धनुर्वेद or military science to यजुर्वेद; गान्धर्ववेद or Music to सामवेद, and स्थापत्य-शास्त्र-वेद or Architecture to अथर्ववेद.

masculine gender "secondary knowledge", Name of a class of writings subordinate or appended to the four Vedas वेद s (viz. the आयुर्-वेद, or science of medicine, to the R2ig ऋग् - veda वेद; the धनुर्वेद or science of archery, to the Yajur-veda यजुर्-वेद; the गान्धर्व-वेद or science of music, to the Sa1maveda सामवेद; and the शस्त्र-शास्त्र or science of arms, to the Atharva अथर्व - veda वेद; this is according to the Caran2avyu1ha चरणव्यूह, but Sus3r. and the Bhpr. make the A1yur-veda आयुर्-वेद belong to the Atharva अथर्व - veda वेद; according to according to others, the स्थापत्य-वेद or science of architecture, and शिल्प-शास्त्र or knowledge of arts, are reckoned as the fourth Upa-veda उप-वेद).

neuter gender ascertainment, learning Sa1y. on fg-veda viii, 23, 3.

masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective to be learnt or found out commentator or commentary on Nya1yad.

indeclinable near the altar, Kir.