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Derived forms and compounds

• गुणः guṇḥ

  1. गुण्-अच्
  2. A quality (good or bad); सुगुण, दुर्गुण; यदङ्गनारूपसरूपतायाः कञ्चिद्गुणं भेदकमिच्छतीभिः Śi.3.42.
  3. (a) A good quality, merit, virtue, excellence; कतमे ते गुणाः Māl.1; वसन्ति हि प्रेम्णि गुणा न वस्तुनि Ki.8.37; R.1.9,22; साधुत्वे तस्य को गुणः Pt.4.18. (b) Eminence.
  4. Use, advantage, good (with Instrumental usually), Pt. 5.; कः स्थानलाभे गुणः 2.21; H.1.49; Mu.1.15.
  5. Effect, result, efficacy, good result; संभावनागुणमवेहि तमीश्वराणाम् Ś.7.4; गुणमहतां महते गुणाय योगः Ki.1.25;6. 7.
  6. (a) A single thread or string. (b) Thread, string, rope, cord, मेखलागुणैः Ku.4.8;5.1; तृणैर्गुणत्व- मापन्नैर्वध्यन्ते मत्तदन्तिनः H.1.32; यतः परेषां गुणग्रहीतासि Bv.1. 9 (where गुण also means 'a merit').
  7. The bowstring; गुणकृत्ये धनुषो नियोजिता Ku.4.15,29; कनकपिङ्गतडिद्- गुणसंयुतम् R.9.54.
  8. The string of a musical instrument; कलवल्लकीगुणस्वानमानम् Śi.4.57.
  9. A sinew.
  10. A quality, attribute, property in general; यादृग्गुणेन भर्त्रा स्त्री संयुज्येत यथाविधि Ms.9.22.
  11. A quality, characteristic or property of all substances, one of the seven categories of padārthas of the Vaiśeṣikas, (the number of these properties is 24).
  12. An ingredient or constituent of nature, any one of the three properties belonging to all created things; (these are स्त्व, रजस् and तमस्); गुणत्रयविभागाय Ku.2.4; सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणाः प्रकृतिसंभवाः Bg.14.5; R.3.27.
  13. A wick, cotton thread; नृपदीपो धनस्नेहं प्रजाभ्यः संहरन्नपि । अन्तर- स्थैर्गुणैः शुभ्रैर्लक्ष्यते नैव केनचित् ॥ Pt.1.221.
  14. An object of sense, (these are five रूप, रस, गन्ध, स्पर्श, and शब्द); गुणैर्गुणान्स भुञ्जान आत्मप्रद्योतितैः प्रभुः Bhāg.11.3.5.
  15. Repetition, multiplication, denoting 'folds' or 'times', usually at the end of comp. after numerals; आहारो द्विगुणः स्त्रीणां बुद्धिस्तासां चतुर्गुणा । ष़ड्गुणो व्यवसायश्च कामश्चाष्टगुणः स्मृतः ॥ Chāṇ.78; so त्रिणुण; शतगुणीभवति becomes a hundred-fold, अध्यर्धगुणमाहुर्यं बले शौर्ये च केशव Mb.11.2.1.
  16. A secondary element, a subordinate part (Opposite of मुख्य); न च गुणानुग्रहार्थं प्रधानस्यावृत्तिर्युक्ता ŚB. on MS.12.1.4.
  17. Excess, abundance, superfluity; पराङ्मुखवधं कृत्वा कोऽत्र प्राप्तस्त्वया गुणः Rām.4.17.16.
  18. An adjective, a word subordinate to another in a sentence.
  19. The substitution of ए, ओ, अर् and अल् for इ, उ, ऋ (short or long) and लृ, or the vowels अ, ए, ओ and अर् and अल्.
  20. (In Rhet.) Quality considered as an inherent property of a Rasa or sentiment. Mammaṭa thus defines गुण. ये रहस्याङ्गिनो धर्माः शौर्यादय इवात्मनः । उत्कर्ष- हेतवस्ते स्युरचलस्थितयो गुणाः ॥ K. Parasmaipada8. (Some writers on rhetoric, such as Vāmana, Jagannātha Paṇḍita, Daṇḍin and others, consider Guṇas to be properties both of शब्द and अर्थ, and mention ten varieties under each head. Mammaṭa, however, recognises only three, and, after discussing and criticizing the views of others, says: माधुर्यौजःप्रसादाख्यास्त्रयस्ते न पुनर्दश K. Parasmaipada8); Ki.17.6.
  21. (In Grammar and Mīm.) Property considered as the meaning of a class of words; Exempli gratia, for example grammarians recognise four kinds of the meaning of words; जाति, गुण, किया and द्रव्य, and give गौः, शुक्लः, चलः and डित्थः as instances to illustrate these meanings.
  22. (In politics) A proper course of action, an expedient. (The expedients to be used by a king in foreign politics are six: 1 सन्धि peace or alliance; 2 विग्रह war; 3 यान march or expedition; 4 स्थान or आसन halt; 5 संश्रय seeking shelter; 6 द्वैध or द्वैधीभाव duplicity; सन्धिर्ना विग्रहो यानमासनं द्वैधमाश्रयः Ak.) see Y.1.346; Ms.7.16; Śi.2.26; R.8.21.
  23. The number 'three' (derived from the three qualities).
  24. The chord of an arc (in geom.).
  25. An organ of sense.
  26. A subordinate dish; Ms. 3.226,233.
  27. A cook.
  28. An epithet of Bhīma as in युधिष्टिरोऽपि गुणप्रियः Vas.
  29. Leaving, abandonment.
  30. A multiplier, coefficient (in math.)
  31. Division, subdivision, species, kind.
  32. The peculiar property of letters which are pronounced with external utterance (बाह्यप्रयत्न); they are eleven.

• -अग्ऱ्यम् a principal quality; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedवर्तिन्; स्वमूर्तिभेदेन गुणाग्ऱ्यवर्तिना पतिः प्रजानामिव सर्गमात्मनः R.3.27.

• -अगुणः merit and demerit Ms.3.22;9.331; अनपेक्ष्य गुणागुणौ जनः स्वरुचिं निश्चयतोऽनु- धावति Si.16.44.

• -अतीत Adjective freed from all properties, being beyond them; सर्वारम्भपरित्यागी गुणातीतः स उच्यते Bg.14.25. (-तः) the Supreme Being.

• -अधिष्ठानकम् the region of the breast where the girdle is fastened.

• -अनुबन्धित्वम् connection or association with virtues; गुणा गुणानुबन्धित्वात्तस्य सप्रसवा इव R.1.22.

• -अनुरागः love or appreciation of the good qualities of others; गुणा- नुरागादिव सख्यमीयिवान्न बाधतेऽस्य त्रिगणः परस्परम् Ki.1.11.

• -अनुरोधः conformity or suitableness to good qualities.

• -अन्तरम् a different (higher) quality; गुणान्तरं व्रजति शिल्पमाधातुः M.1.6.

• -अन्वित, -उपपन्न, -युक्त, -संपन्न Adjective endowed with good qualities, meritorious, worthy, good, excellent.

• -अपवादः, -निन्दा disparagement, detraction.

• -अभिधानम्

  1. A subsidiary injunction; द्रव्योपदेशाद्वा गुणा- भिधानं स्यात् M.8.4.5. आकरः 'a mine of merits', one endowed with all virtues; सृजति तावदशेषगुणाकरं पुरुषरत्न- मलङ्करणं मुवः Bh.2.92.
  2. Name of Śiva.

• -आढ्य Adjective rich in virtues.

• -आत्मन् Adjective having qualities.

• -आधारः 'a receptacle of virtues', a virtuous or meritorious person.

• -आश्रय Adjective virtuous, excellent.

• -ईश्वरः

  1. the Supreme Being.
  2. the Chitrakūṭa mountain.

• -उत्कर्षः excellence of merit, possession of superior qualities.

• -उत्कीर्तनम् panegyric, eulogium.

• -उत्कृष्ट Adjective superior in merit; Ms.8.73.

• -उपेत Adjective endowed with good qualities; पुत्रमेवङ्गुणोपेतं चक्रवर्तिनमाप्नुहि Ś.1.12.

• -ओघः, -घम् superior or abundant merits.

• -कथनम्

  1. extolling, praising.
  2. a condition or state of mind of the hero of a drama to which he is reduced by Cupid.

• -कर्तृत्वम् the state of an agent of properties; गुणकर्तृत्वेऽपि तथा कर्तेव भवत्युदासीनः Sāṅ. K.2.

• -कर्मन्

  1. Neuter
  2. an unessential or secondary action.
  3. (in Grammar) the secondary or less immediate (id est, that is indirect) object of an action; Exempli gratia, for example in the example नेताऽश्वस्य स्रुघ्नं स्रुघ्नस्य वा, स्रुघ्नम् is a गुणकर्मन्.denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedविभाग Adjective distinguishing an action and an attribute.

• -कल्पना Feminine imputing a figurative meaning, one of the modes of interpreting a sentence. According to it an expression may be understood as conveying not what is actually expressed by it but the quality or qualities thereof. Exempli gratia, for example सिंहो देवदत्तः means प्रसह्यकरी देवदत्तः; ŚB. on MS.1.2.1.

• -काण्डः a series of subsidiary (details); एवमेक उत्कृष्यमाणः सर्वं गुणकाण्डमुत्कर्षति ŚB. on MS.5. 1.24.

• -कार

  1. Adjective productive of good qualities, profitable, salutary.
  2. (रः) a cook who prepares sidedishes or any secondary articles of food.
  3. an epithet of Bhīma.
  4. (in math.) the multiplier.

• -कीर्तनम्, -श्लाघा, -स्तुतिः Feminine praise, extolling.

• -कृत्यम् the function of a bow-string; गुणकृत्ये धनुषो नियोजिता Ku.4.15.

• -गणः a number or series of good qualities; Bhāg.5.3.11.

• -गानम् singing of merits, panegyric, praise.

• -गृध्नु

  1. Adjective
  2. desiring good qualities; ये चान्ये गुणगृध्नवः Bhāg.3.14.2.
  3. possessing enviable or good qualities.

• -गृह्य Adjective appreciating or admiring merits (wherever they may be), attached to merits; appreciative; ननु वक्तृविशेषनिःस्पृहा गुणगृह्या वचने विपश्चितः Ki.2.5.

• -गौरी a woman chaste by virtuous conduct; अनृतगिरं गुणगौरि मा कृथा माम् Śi.

• -ग्रहणम् appreciating merits.

• -ग्रहीतृ, -ग्राहक, -ग्राहिन् Adjective appreciating the merits (of others); श्रीहर्षो निपुणः कविः परिषदप्येषा गुणग्राहिणी Ratn.1.4; Śi.2.82; Bv.1.9.

• -ग्रामः a collection of virtues or merits; गुरुतरगुणग्रामांभोजस्फुटोज्ज्वलचन्द्रिका Bh.3.116; गणयति गुणग्रामम् Gīt.2; Bv.1.13.

• -घातिन् Adjective detractor, envious, censorious.

• -ज्ञ Adjective knowing how to admire or appreciate merits, appreciative; भगवति कमलालये भृशमगुणज्ञासि Mu.2; गुणा गुणज्ञेषु गुणा भवन्ति H. Pr.47.

• -त्रयम्, -त्रितयम् the three constituent properties of nature; id est, that is सत्त्व, रजस् and तमस्. denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedआभासः life.

• -दोषौ (Dual) virtue and vice; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedकथा; Pt.2.67.

• -धर्मः the virtue or duty incidental to the possession of certain qualities.

• -निधिः a store of virtues.

• -पदी a woman having feet as thin as cords.

• -पूगम् great merits; भवद्गुणपूगपूरितम् (श्रवणम्) Śi.9.64.

• -प्रकर्षः excellence of merits, great merit; गुणप्रकर्षादुडुपेन शम्भोरलङ्- घ्यमुल्लङ्घितमुत्तमाङ्गम् Mk.4.23.

• -भावः being subsidiary to something else; परार्थता हि गुणभावः । ŚB. on MS.4.3.1.

• -भोक्तृ Adjective perceiving the properties of things; निर्गुणं गुणभोक्तृ च Bg.13.14.

• -महत् a superior quality.

• -मुष्टिः Feminine a particular method of stringing the bow; Compare पताका वज्रमुष्टिश्च सिंहकर्णस्तथैव च । मत्सरी काकतुण्डी च योजनीया यथा- क्रमम् ॥ Dhanur.84.

• -रागः delighting in the merits of others; गुणरागगतां तस्य रूपिणीमिव दुर्गतिम् Ks.2.51.

• -राशिः an epithet of Śiva -लक्षणम् mark or indication of an internal property.

• -लयनिका, -लयनी a tent.

• -लुब्ध

  1. Adjective
  2. desirous of merits.
  3. attached to merits.

• -वचनम्, -वाचकः a word which connotes an attribute or quality, an adjective, or substantive used attributively; as श्वेत in श्वेतोऽश्वः.

• -वादः

  1. pointing out good merits.
  2. a statement in a secondary sense; गुणवादस्तु MS. 1.2.1 (Śabara explains this as: गौण एष वादो भवति यत् सम्बन्धिनि स्तोतव्ये सम्बन्ध्यन्तरं स्तूयते । ŚB. on Tbe same.).
  3. a statement contradictory to other arguments; Madhusūdana.

• -विवेचना discrimination in appreciating the merits of others, a just sense of merit.

• -विशेषाः external organs, mind and spiritual ignorance; परस्पर- विलक्षणा गुणविशेषाः (बाह्येन्द्रियमनोऽहङ्काराश्च) Sāṅ. K.36.

• -षः a different property.

• -वृक्षः, -वृक्षकः a mast or a post to which a ship or boat is fastened.

• -वृत्तिः

  1. Feminine
  2. a secondary or unessential condition or relation (Opposite of मुख्यवृत्ति).
  3. the character or style of merits.

• -वैशेष्यम् pre-eminence of merit; अन्योन्यगुणवैशेष्यान्न किंचिदतिरिच्यते Ms.9.296.

• -शब्दः an adjective.

• -संख्यानम् 'enumeration of the three essential qualities', a term applied to the Sāṅkhya (including the Yoga) system of philosophy; ज्ञानं कर्म च कर्ता च त्रिधैव गुणभेदतः प्रोच्यते गुणसंख्याने Bg.18.19.

• -संगः

  1. association with qualities or merits.
  2. attachment to objects of sense or worldly pleasures.

• -संग्रहः a collection of merits or properties; कथं गुणज्ञो विरमेद्विना पशुं श्रीर्यत्प्रवव्रे गुणसंग्रहेच्छया Bhāg.4.2.26.

• -संपद्

  1. Feminine excellence or richness of merits, great merit, perfection; गुणसंपदा समधिगम्य Ki.5.24. सागरः 'an ocean of merit, a very meritorious man.
  2. an epithet of Brahmā.

• -हीन

  1. Adjective
  2. void of merit', meritless; काममामरणात्तिष्ठेद्- गृहे कन्यर्तुमत्यपि । न चैवैनां प्रयच्छेत्तु गुणहीनाय कर्हिचित् Ms.9. 89.
  3. poor (as food).

Derived forms and compounds

• -णः न. त. A fault, defect, demerit, vice; तद्वः सर्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि प्रसवे च गुणागुणान् Ms.3.22; गुणागुणज्ञ knowing merit and demerit; लोभश्चेदगुणेन किम् Bh.2.55; अगुणेषु तस्य धियमस्तवतः Ki.6.21. vices;

• -णम्

  1. Absolution (मोक्ष, कैवल्य); धर्मादयः किमगुणेन च काङ्क्षितेन Bhāg. 7.6.25.
  2. Supreme Being (परब्रह्म).
  3. _वादिन्Adjective fault-finding, censorious, not appreciating merits.

• -शील Adjective of a worthless character.