Sanskrit dictionary (beta)

[अत्-इ]

1. A prefix used with adjectives and adverbs, meaning 'very', 'too', 'exceedingly', 'excessively', 'very much', and showing उत्कर्ष; Surpassing, superior अत्याश्रमानयं सर्वानू Mb.12.12.6. नातिदूरे not very far from; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedकृश very lean; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedभृशम् Plusvery much; also with verbs or verbal forms; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedसिक्तमेव भवता Sk.; स्वभावो ह्यतिरिच्यते etc.
2. (With verbs) Over, beyond; अति-इ go beyond, overstep; so denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedक्रम् denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedचर् denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedवह् etc. In this case अति is regarded as a preposition उपसर्ग.
3. (a) (With nouns or pronouns) Beyond, past, surpassing, superior to, eminent, respectable, distinguished, higher, above, (used with Accusative as a कर्मप्रवचनीय, or as first member of Bahuvrîhi or Tat purusha Compound ज्याशब्दस्तावुभौ शब्दावति रामस्य शुश्रुवे Rām. 6.75.37. in which last case it has usually the sense of eminence or higher degree: अतिगो, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedगार्ग्यः, Equivalent to प्रशस्ता गौः, शोभनो गार्ग्यः; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedराजन् an excellent king; or the sense of अतिक्रान्त must be understood with the latter member which will then stand in the accusative case; अतिमर्त्यः Equivalent to मर्त्यमतिक्रान्तः; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमालः, अतिक्रान्तो मालाम्; so अतिकाय, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedकेशर, quod vide, which see):, अत्यादित्यं Plus हुतवहमुखे संभृतं तद्धि तेजः Me 1.45. Surpassing the sun. अति देवानू कृष्णः Sk.; मानुषानतिगन्धर्वान् सर्वान्गन्धर्व लक्षये /Mb; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमानुषं कर्म a deed which is beyond human power, id est, that is a superhuman action; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedकशः past the whip (as a horse), unmanageable; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedत्यद् surpassing that; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedत्वाम्, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedत्वान् him or them that surpasses or surpass thee, so denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमां, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedयूयं Plusetc. Plus(b) (With nouns derived from roots) Extravagant, exaggerated, inordinate, excessive, extraordinary; Exempli gratia, for example denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedआदरः excessive regard; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedआशा extravagant hope; so Plus denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedभयं, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedतृष्णा, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedआनन्दः etc. etc.; अतिदानाद् बलिर्बद्धो नष्टो मानात्सुयोधनः । विनष्टो रावणो लौल्यादति सर्वत्र वर्जयेत् ॥ Compare 'extremes are ever bad.' (c) Unfit, idle, improper, in the sense of असंप्रति or क्षेप 'censure'; अतिनिद्रम् Equivalent to निद्रा सम्प्रति न युज्यते Sk. The गणरत्नमहोदधि gives the following senses of अतिःविक्रमातिक्रमाबुद्धिभृशार्थातिशयेष्वति । Exempli gratia, for example अतिरथः रथाधिकं विक्रमवान्; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमतिः बुद्ध्यतिक्रमः; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedगहनं वुद्धेरविषयः; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedतप्तं भृशतप्तं; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedवेगः अतिशयितो वेगः. Cf. also प्रकर्षे लङ्घनेऽप्यति Nm.

1. indeclinable ([probably neut. of an obsolete adjective अतिन्, passing, going, beyond; see √अत्, and confer, compare Old German anti, unti, inti, unde, indi, etc.; English and; German und; Greek ἔτι, ἀντί, Latin ante; Lithuanian ant; Armorican or the language of Brittany ti; Zend aiti]).
2. As a prefix to verbs and their derivatives, expresses beyond, over, and, if not standing by itself, leaves the accent on the verb or its derivative; as, अति-क्रम् (√क्रम्), to overstep, Vedic or Veda Inf. अति-क्र्/अमे, (fit) to be walked on, to be passed fg-veda i, 105, 16, अति-क्र्/अमण neuter gender see sub voce, the word in the Sanskrit order When prefixed to nouns, not derived from verbs, it expresses beyond, surpassing, as, अति-कश, past the whip, अति-मानुष, superhuman, etc. see sub voce, the word in the Sanskrit order
3. indeclinable As a separable adverb or preposition (with accusative), Vedic or Veda beyond (with genitive case) over, at the top of fg-veda AV.
4. is often prefixed to nouns and adjectives, and rarely to verbs, in the sense excessive, extraordinary, Intensive
5. excessively, too
6. exceedingly, very
7. in such compounds the accent is generally on /अति .