Sanskrit dictionary (beta)

[न पाति रक्षति पतनात् पा-ड Tv.]

1. (As a prefix to verbs it means) (a) Away, away from, denoting वियोग; अपयाति, अपनयति; (b) deterioration (विकृति); अपकरोति does wrongly or badly; (c) opposition, negation, contradiction (विपरीत); अपकर्षति, अपचिनोति; (d) direction or mention or illustration (निदर्शन); अपदिशति; (e) exclusion (वर्जन); अपवह्, अपसृ Causal (f) joy, merriment or laughter (आनन्द); अपहसति; (g) concealment or denial (चौर्य); अपलपति, अपवदते.
2. As first member of Tat purusha or Bahuvrīhi comp. it has all the above senses; अपयानम्, अपकर्म, अपपाठः; अपशब्दः a bad or corrupt word; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedभी fearless; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedकल्मष stainless; अपरागः discontent (Opposite of to अनुराग); denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमेघोदयं वर्षम् Ku.6.54 etc. In most cases अप may be translated by 'bad', 'inferior', 'corrupt', 'wrong', 'unworthy', etc. It also means 'going downwards' as in अपानः.
3. As a separable preposition (with a noun in the Ablative) (a) away from; यत्संप्रत्यप लोकेभ्यो लङ्कायां वसतिर्भयात् Rām; (b) without, on the outside of; अप हरेः संसारः Sk.; (c) with the exception of, excepting; अप त्रिगर्तेभ्यो वृष्टो देवः Sk. on the outside of, with the exception of. In these senses अप may form adverbial compounds also (ParasmaipadaII.1.12); denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedविष्णु संसारः Sk. without Viṣṇu; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedत्रिगर्तं वृष्टो देवः excepting त्रिगर्त etc. It also implies negation, contradiction etc.; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedकामम्, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedशङ्कम्. The senses of this word as given by G. M. may be thus put in verse; वर्जने विकृतौ चौर्ये विपरीतवियोगयोः । अपकृष्टे च निर्देशे हर्षे चापः प्रयुज्यते. Compare Latin ab; Greek apo; Gothic af. English of or off; Zend apa.

1. indeclinable (as a prefix to nouns and verbs, expresses) away, off, back (opposed to /उप, /अनु, सम्, प्र)
2. indeclinable down (opposed to उद्).
3. indeclinable When prefixed to nouns, it may sometimes Equivalent to the negative particle अ exempli gratia, 'for example' अप-भी, fearless; or may express deterioration, inferiority, etc. (confer, compare अप-पाठ).
4. indeclinable (As a separable particle or adverb in Vedic or Veda, with ablative) away from, on the outside of, without, with the exception of ([confer, compare Greek ἀπό; Latin ab; Gothic af; English of]).