Sanskrit dictionary (beta)

Every entry for a word in Apte, Monier-Williams, Macdonell and the Dhātupāṭha, with their abbreviations spelled out, and an analysis of its forms.

Results for आ

3 dictionaries · exact headword

Apte Dictionary

V. S. Apte, The Practical Sanskrit–English Dictionary

आāThe second letter of the Alphabet.
The second letter of the Alphabet.
Derived forms and compounds
- आ ā
  
  1 Used as a particle or interjection showing (a) assent; 'yes', 'verily'. (b) Compassion (अनुकम्पा) 'Ah'. (c) Pain or regret (usually written आस् or अः quod vide, which see), 'alas'. (d) Recollection (स्मरण). 'Ah', 'Oh'; आ एवं किलासीत् Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)6. (e) But (used as a disjunctive conjunction). (f) And (used as a cumulative conjunction). (g) Sometimes used as an expletive; आ एवं मन्यसे. In all these senses आ is treated as a Pragṛihya vowel (does not form any Sandhi with a following vowel) ParasmaipadaI.1.14. (h) It shows 'anger' also.
  
  (As a prefix to verbs and nouns.) (a) it expresses the senses of near, near to, towards, from all sides, all around (see the several verbs). (b) With verbs of motion, taking, carrying etc. it shows the reverse of the action; as गम् to go, आगम् to come; दा to give, आदा to take; नी to carry, आनी to bring.
  
  (As a separable preposition with Ablative) it shows either (a) the limit inceptive (अभिविधि), from, ever since, away from, out of, off, from among; आ मूलात् श्रोतुमिच्छामि Ś.1; बहुभ्य आ from out of many; आ जन्मनः Ś.5.25 ever since (her) birth; आ मनोः Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)6.18. (b) Or, it expresses the limit exclusive or conclusive (मर्यादा), till, until, upto, as far as, unto; आङ् मर्यादाभिविध्योः ParasmaipadaII.1.13; see अभि- विधि; आ परितोषाद्विदुषाम् Ś.1.2 till the learned are satisfied; आ कैलासात् Me.11 upto or as far as Kailāsa; ओदकान्तात् Ś.4; Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)1.37; V.2.2. In this sense आ sometimes governs the Accusative; शतमा जातीः upto a hundred births. (c) In both these senses आ frequently enters into compound, forming either Avyayībhāva comp. or compound adjectives; आबालं (or आ बालेभ्यः) हरिभक्तिः commencing with or including children; आमुक्ति (or आ मुक्तेः) संसारः Sk. till final emancipation; आमेखलम् Ku. 1.5 as far as; आमरणम् Pt.1 till death; आगोपालं ननृतुः K.7 down to the cowherd; आगोपाला द्विजातयः including the cowherds. Sometimes the compound so formed stands as the first member of other compounds, सोऽ- हमाजन्मशुद्धानामाफलोदयकर्मणाम् । आसमुद्रक्षितीशानामानाकरथवर्त्मनाम् R.1.5; आगण्डविलम्बि Ś.6.17; आकर्णलम्बि M.5.1. (d) Used with Locative it has the sense of 'in', 'at' (mostly Vedic); गावो न यवसेष्वा Rv.1.91.13.
  
  With adjectives (or sometimes with nouns) आ has a diminutive force; आपञ्जर Adjective Little red, reddish; आपिञ्जरा बद्धरजःकणत्वान्मञ्ज- र्युदारा शुशुभेऽर्जुनस्य R.16.51; आपाण्डुर a little white, whitish; आलक्ष्य Ś.7.18. slightly visible; आकम्पः gentle shaking; so आनील, आरक्त.
  
  (As a separable adverb) आ chiefly occurs in the Vedas and means near, near to, or towards, there to, further; and also, even; in many cases it emphasizes the word which precedes it, and when placed after prepositions it strengthens their sense. आ प्रगृह्ये स्मृतौ वाक्ये परितापे पितामहे । घटे भावे च आऽस्तु स्यादव्ययं कोपपीडयोः । आङीषदर्थेऽभिव्याप्तौ सीमार्थे धातु- योगजे ॥ Nm.
- आ ā
  
  आः āḥ, आः 1 Name of Śiva.
  
  Grand father.
- आः āḥ
  
  1 Equivalent to आस् quod vide, which see
  
  Name of Lakṣmī (आ). or Brahman.
  
  Speech.
  
  Boundary. Compare आः स्वयंभूरिभो वाजी खेदः शंकरवासवौ । पारिजातः समः प्राज्ञो निवासश्चणकः सुतः ॥ Enm.
Source: Apte

Monier-Williams

Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary

आāthe second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far .
1. the second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far .
2. indeclinable a particle of reminiscence Pa1n2. 1-1, 14 Pat.
3. indeclinable also of compassion or pain [more correctly written 1. आस् quod vide], and of assent Lexicographers ([This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels (which causes it to be sometimes confounded with 1. आस्) Pa1n2. 1-1, 14.])
4. masculine gender Name of S3iva शिव Lexicographers
5. masculine gender grandfather Lexicographers
6. feminine Name of Lakshmi1 लक्ष्मी Lexicographers
7. (as a prefix to verbs, especially of motion, and their derivatives) near, near to, towards (see आ-√क्रम् etc.; in the Veda वेद, of course, the prefix is separable from the verb; in a few cases fg-veda i, 10, 11 and v, 64, 5, a verb in the imperative is to be supplied; with roots like गम्, या, and इ, "to go", and 1. दा, "to give", it reverses the action; exempli gratia, 'for example' आ-गच्छति, "he comes"; आ-दत्ते, "he takes"). (As a preposition with a preceding accusative) near to, towards, to fg-veda
8. (with a preceding noun in the accusative, as ज्/ओषम् or व्/अरम्) for fg-veda
9. (with a following accusative) up to .. exclusively AitBr.
10. (with a preceding ablative) from fg-veda AV.
11. out of, from among (exempli gratia, 'for example' बह्/उभ्य /आ, "from among many") fg-veda
12. towards (only in अस्म्/अद् /आ, "towards us") fg-veda
13. (with a following ablative confer, compare Pa1n2. 2-1, 13 & 3, 10) up to, to, as far as fg-veda AV. etc.
14. from fg-veda i, 30, 21
15. (with a preceding locative case) in, at, on fg-veda AV. (As an adverb after words expressing a number or degree) fully, really, indeed (exempli gratia, 'for example' त्र्/इर् /आ दिव्/अस्, "quite or fully three times a day"; महिम्/आ वाम् /इन्द्रा*ग्नी प्/अनिष्ठ, /आ, "your greatness, O Indra इन्द्र and Agni अग्नि, is most praiseworthy indeed", etc.) fg-veda
16. (after a substantive or adjective) "as, like", (or it simply strengthens the sense of the preceding word) fg-veda, (after a verb) fg-veda v, 7, 7 KenaUp. Page126,2
17. (as a conjunctive particle) moreover, further, and (it is placed either between the two words connected [rarely after the second fg-veda x, 16, 11, or after both fg-veda x, 92, 8] or, if there are more, after the last [fg-veda iv, 57, 1 and x, 75, 5]; see also आ*तश् च sub voce, the word in the Sanskrit order) In classical Sanskr2it Sanskrit it may denote the limit "to", "until", "as far as", "from", either not including the object named or including it (sometimes with accusative or ablative or forming an adverb) exempli gratia, 'for example' आ-मरणम् or आ-मरणात्, "till death" Pan5cat. (confer, compare आ-मरणा*न्त etc.)
18. आ-गोपाला द्विजातयः, "the twice-born including the cowherds" MBh. ii, 531
19. आ-समुद्रम् or आ-समुद्रात्, "as far as the ocean" or "from the ocean" (but not including it)
20. आ-कुमारम्, "from a child" or "from childhood" or "to a child" (confer, compare Latin a@puero) MBh. iii, 1403
21. आ-कुमारम् यशः पाणिनेः, "the fame of Pa1n2ini पाणिनि extends even to children"
22. आजानु-बाहु masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective "one whose arms reach down to the knees" R. i, 1, 12
23. (see also आकर्ण- and आजन्म-)
24. (confer, compare आ-जरस्/अम्, आ-व्युष्/अम्, आ-सप्तम, ओ*त्सूय्/अम् .) Prefixed to adjective ([rarely to substantive; confer, compare आ-कोप]) it implies diminution Pa1n2. 2-2, 18 commentator or commentary "a little" exempli gratia, 'for example' आ-पिञ्जर masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective a little red, reddish Ragh. xvi, 51
25. (see also आ-पक्व, ओ*ष्ण, etc.) Some commentaries (exempli gratia, 'for example' commentator or commentary on Ragh. iii, 8) occasionally give to आ in this application the meaning समन्तात्, "all through, completely", as आ-नील, "blue all round."
Source: Monier-Williams

Macdonell

A. A. Macdonell, A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary

आā[ấ] ad. near (vbl. px.: reverses the meaning of verbs of giving and going); besides, also; quite, entirely…

[ấ] adverb, -ial, -ially near (verbal prefix: reverses the meaning of verbs of giving and going); besides, also; quite, entirely, just (emphatic); prefix with participle and adjective somewhat, a little; scarcely; -ish; prefix form ing adverb, -ial, -ially and adjective up to, till; preposition up to (after accusative, before ablative); except (before accusative); from (ablative); at, on, in, near (after locative): ˚--, from, up to.

Source: Macdonell

Analysis (Beta) · आ

morphology by sanskrit_parser

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