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कोशःDictionaries

Sanskrit dictionary (beta)

Every entry for a word in Apte, Monier-Williams, Macdonell and the Dhātupāṭha, with their abbreviations spelled out, and an analysis of its forms.

Results for क

3 dictionaries · exact headword

Apte Dictionary

V. S. Apte, The Practical Sanskrit–English Dictionary
  1. कka1 Brahman. प्रजाः सिसृक्षुः क इवादिकाले Ch.2.51. यावद्गमं रुद्रभयाद्यथा कः Bhāg.1.7.18.
    1. 1 Brahman. प्रजाः सिसृक्षुः क इवादिकाले Ch.2.51. यावद्गमं रुद्रभयाद्यथा कः Bhāg.1.7.18.
    2. Viṣṇu.
    3. Kāmadeva.
    4. Fire.
    5. Wind or air.
    6. Yama.
    7. The sun.
    8. The soul.
    9. A king or prince.
    10. Knot or joint.
    11. A peacock.
    12. The king of birds.
    13. A bird.
    14. The mind.
    15. Body.
    16. Time.
    17. A cloud.
    18. A word, sound.
    19. Hair.
    20. Light, splendour.
    21. Wealth, property.
    22. Dakṣa Prajāpati.

    Derived forms and compounds

    • -कम्

      1. Happiness, joy, pleasure (as in नाक which is explained thus; न कं (सुखम्) Equivalent to अकं न अकं दुःखं यत्र) नुतपदकमला कमला कलधृतकमला करोतु मे कमलम् (कम् Plus अलम्) Subhāṣ.; Ch. Up.4.1.5.
      2. Water; सत्येन माभिरक्ष त्वं वरुणेत्यभिशाप्य कम् Y.2.18; के शवं पतितं दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवा हर्ष- निर्भराः Subhāṣ. (where a pun is intended on केशव, the apparent meaning being Keśava.)
      3. The head; as in -कन्धरा (Equivalent to कं शिरो धारयतीति). वलीपलित एजत्क इत्यहं प्रत्युदाहृतः Bhāg.9.6.41.
      4. Hair.
      5. An act of a woman.
      6. Flock of hair.
      7. A collection of woman's acts (कं केशे कं च नारीणां करणे च तयोर्गणे).
      8. milk.
      9. Misery.
      10. Poison.
      11. Fear; Compare कं शिरः कं सुखं तोयं पयो दुःखं विषं भयम् Enm.

    • -ज Adjective watery, aquatic.

    • -जम् A lotus.

    • -दः a cloud (giving water).

    • क k A Taddhita affix added to nouns and adjectives, mostly to the former, in the sense of diminution, deterioration, similarity, endearment, or sometimes to express the original meaning of the word itself; Exempli gratia, for example वृक्षकः small tree; बालकः a chap; पुत्रकः dear boy; अश्वकः a bad horse, or like a horse, or a horse itself (स्वार्थे कन्)

    Source: Apte

Monier-Williams

Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary
  1. कkathe first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or…
    1. the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king).
    2. कस्, का, किम्, interrog. pronoun (see किम् and 2. कद्, and confer, compare the following words in which the interrogative base क appears, कतम, कतर, कति, कथम्, कदा, कर्हि, का, etc.), who? which? what? In its declension क follows the pronoun तद् except in nominative case accusative singular neut., where किम् has taken the place of कद् or कत् in classical Sanskr2it Sanskrit
    3. but the old form कद् is found in the Veda वेद (see Gram. 227); ([confer, compare Zend ka, ko7, kA7, kat; Greek πόθεν, πῶς, (Ionic κόθεν, κῶς,) τίς, τί; Latin quis, quid; Lithuanian kas क्/अ; Gothic hvas, hvo7, hva, Anglo-Saxon hwa1, hwaet; English who, what .]) The interrogative sentence introduced by क is often terminated by इति (exempli gratia, 'for example' कस्य स पुत्र इति कथ्यताम्, let it be said, "whose son is he?"), but इति may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (exempli gratia, 'for example' कस्य स पुत्रो न ज्ञायते, it is not known whose son he is) . क with or without √1. अस् may express "how is it possible that?" "what power have I, you, they, etc.?" (exempli gratia, 'for example' के मम धन्विनोन्ये, what can the other archers do against me? के आवाम् परित्रातुम्, what power have we to rescue you?) क is often connected with a demonstrative pronoun (exempli gratia, 'for example' को यम् आयाति, who comes here?) or with the potential (exempli gratia, 'for example' को हरिं निन्देत्, who will blame Hari हरि ?) क is sometimes repeated (exempli gratia, 'for example' कः को त्र, who is there? कान् कान्, whom? whom? id est which of them? confer, compare Gram. 54), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (exempli gratia, 'for example' केषां किं शास्त्रम् अध्ययनीयम्, which book is to be read by whom? Gram. 836. अ). When किम् is connected with the inst. case of a noun or with the indecl. participle it may express "what is gained by doing so, etc.?" (Equivalent to कोर्थस्) Page240,3
    4. (exempli gratia, 'for example' किं विलम्बेन, what is gained by delay? किम् बहुना, what is the use of more words? धनेन किं यो न ददाति, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and genitive case, नीरुजः किम् औषधैः, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) क is often followed by the particles इव, उ, नाम, नु, वा, स्विद्, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (exempli gratia, 'for example' किम् इव एतद्, what can this be? क उ श्रवत्, who can possibly hear? को नाम जानाति, who indeed knows? को न्व् अयम्, who, pray, is this? किं नु कार्यम्, what is to be done? को वा देवाद् अन्यः, who possibly other than a god? कस्य स्विद् हृदयं ना*स्ति, of what person is there no heart?) क is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (exempli gratia, 'for example' न कस्य को वल्लभः, no one is a favourite of any one; ना*न्यो जानाति कः, no one else knows; कथं स घातयति कम्, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, क is only made indefinite when connected with the particles च, चन्/अ, चिद्, वा, and /अपि, in which case क may sometimes be preceded by the relative य (exempli gratia, 'for example' ये के च, any persons whatsoever; यस्यै कस्यै च देवतायै, to any deity whatsoever; यानि कानि च मित्राणि, any friends whatsoever; यत् किंच, whatever) . The particle चन, being composed of च and न, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (exempli gratia, 'for example' यस्माद् इन्द्राद् ऋते किंचन, without which Indra इन्द्र there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (exempli gratia, 'for example' कश्चन, any one; न कश्चन, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (exempli gratia, 'for example' यत् किंचन, anything whatsoever) . Examples of चिद् with the interrogative are common
    5. वा and अपि are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskr2it Sanskrit (exempli gratia, 'for example' कश्चिद्, any one; केचिद्, some; न कश्चिद्, no one; न किंचिद् अपि, nothing whatsoever; यः कश्चिद्, any one whatsoever; केचित् - केचित्, some - according to others; यस्मिन् कस्मिन् वा देशे, in any country whatsoever; न को पि, no one; न किमपि, nothing whatever) . क may sometimes be used, like 2. कद्, at the beginning of a compound. see क-पूय, etc.
    6. masculine gender (according to native authorities) Name of Praja1pati प्रजापति or of a Praja1pati प्रजापति VS. xx, 4; xxii, 20 TS. i S3Br. etc.
    7. masculine gender of Brahman ब्रह्मन् MBh. i, 32 BhP. iii, 12, 51; xii, 13, 19; 20
    8. masculine gender of Daksha दक्ष BhP. ix, 10, 10
    9. masculine gender of Vishn2u विष्णु Lexicographers
    10. masculine gender of Yama यम Lexicographers
    11. masculine gender of Garud2a गरुड
    12. masculine gender the soul Tattvas.
    13. masculine gender a particular comet VarBr2S.
    14. masculine gender the sun Lexicographers
    15. masculine gender fire Lexicographers
    16. masculine gender splendour, light Lexicographers
    17. masculine gender air Lexicographers
    18. masculine gender a peacock Lexicographers
    19. masculine gender the body Lexicographers
    20. masculine gender time Lexicographers
    21. masculine gender wealth Lexicographers
    22. masculine gender sound Lexicographers
    23. masculine gender a king Lexicographers
    24. masculine gender Equivalent to काम-ग्रन्थि (?)
    25. neuter gender happiness, joy, pleasure ChUp. iv, 10, 5 Nir. etc.
    26. neuter gender water MaitrS. i, 10, 10 S3Br. x Ya1jn5. etc.
    27. neuter gender the head
    28. neuter gender hair, a head of hair Lexicographers
    29. neuter gender (also regarded as indeclinable; confer, compare 1. कम् .)
    30. a Taddhita तद्धित affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity exempli gratia, 'for example' पुत्रक, a little son; अश्वक, a bad horse or like a horse).
    Source: Monier-Williams

Macdonell

A. A. Macdonell, A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary
  1. कka[ká] inter. prn. st. (n. V. kád; C. kím) who? what? which? with iva, u, nâma, who indeed? often used in a…
    1. [ká] inter. pronoun stem (neuter Veda, Vedic kád; Classical (post-Vedic) Sanskrit kím) who? what? which? with iva, u, nâma, who indeed? often used in a depreciating sense= as good as none, no one or nothing: kâ ͜ esha kathâ? that is out of the question; kim with instrumental or gerund (indeclinable participle)Equivalent towhat does -matter? what is the use of -to (genitive)? with nu, who pray? with vâ, who possibly? with svid, who or what, I wonder? Indef. pronoun 1. with negative any, any one; 2. with preceding ya and following ka, whosoever, whichever; anysoever, every; with preceding ya and following vâ, anysoever; 3. with kaná, none whatever (often strengthened by negatives); 4. with kana, kid, or api, some, any, a certain (adjective or neuter): plural some; kaskid kaskid, the one--the other: plural some--others.
    2. [ká] masculine (Who?) epithet of Pragâpati or Brahman; neuter bliss; water; head.
    Source: Macdonell

Analysis (Beta) · क

morphology by sanskrit_parser

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