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Sanskrit dictionary (beta)

Every entry for a word in Apte, Monier-Williams, Macdonell and the Dhātupāṭha, with their abbreviations spelled out, and an analysis of its forms.

Results for पूर्व

3 dictionaries · exact headword

Apte Dictionary

V. S. Apte, The Practical Sanskrit–English Dictionary
  1. पूर्वpūrvaa.(Declined like a pronoun when it implies relative position in time or space, but optionally so in nom. pl.…
    1. (Declined like a pronoun when it implies relative position in time or space, but optionally so in nom. Plural; and Ablative and Locative Singular)
    2. Being in front of, first, foremost.
    3. Eastern, easterly, to the east of; ग्रामात् पर्वतः पूर्वः Sk.; पूर्वापरौ तोयनिधी वगाह्य Ku.1.1.
    4. Previous to, earlier than; ब्राह्मणे साहसः पूर्वः Ms.8.276.
    5. Old, ancient; पूर्वसूरिभिः R.1.4; इदं कविभ्यः पूर्वेभ्यो नमोवाकं प्रशास्महे Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)1.1.
    6. Former, previous, anterior, prior, antecedent (Opposite of उत्तर); in this sense often at the end of comp. and translated by 'formerly.' or 'before'; श्रुतपूर्व etc.; व्यतीता या निशा पूर्वा पौराणां हर्षवर्धिनी Rām.7.37.1.
    7. Aforesaid, before-mentioned.
    8. Initial.
    9. Established, customary, of long standing
    10. Early, prime, पूर्वे वयसि Pt.1.165 'in early age or prime of life.
    11. Elder (ज्येष्ठ); रामः पूर्वो हि नो भ्राता भविष्यति महीपतिः Rām.2.79.8.
    12. (At the end of comp.) Preceded by, accompanied by, attended with; संबन्धमा भाषणपूर्वमाहुः R.2.58; पुण्यः शब्दो मुनिरिति मुहुः केवलं राजपूर्वः Ś2.17; तान् स्मितपूर्वमाह Ku.7.47; बहुमानपूर्वया 5.31; दशपूर्वरथं यमाख्यया दशकण्ठारिगुरुं विदुर्बुधाः R.8.29; so मतिपूर्वम् Ms.11.147 'intentionally', 'knowingly'; 12.89; अबोधपूर्वम् 'unconsciously', Ś.5.2. etc.

    Derived forms and compounds

    • -र्वः An ancestor, a forefather; पूर्वैः किलायं परिवर्धितो नः R.13.3; पयः पूर्वैः सनिश्वासैः कवोष्णमुपभुज्यते 1.67;5.14; अनुकारिणि पूर्वेषां युक्तरूपमिदं त्वयि Ś.2.17.

    • -र्वम् The forepart; अनवरतधनुर्ज्यास्फालनक्रूरपूर्वम् (गात्रम्) Ś.2.4.

    • -र्वा

      1. The east
      2. Name of a country to the east of Madhyadeśa.

    • -र्वम्

      1. Indeclinable
      2. Before (with Ablative); मासात् पूर्वम्.
      3. Formerly, previously, at first, antecedently, beforehand; तं पूर्वमभिवादयेत् Ms.2.117;3.94;8.25;; R. 12.35; प्रणिपातपूर्वम् K; भूतपूर्वखरालयम् Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)2.17 'which formerly was the abode', etc.; समयपूर्वम् Ś.5. 'after a formal agreement.'
      4. Immemorially. (पूर्वेण 'in front', 'before', 'to the east of', with Genitive or Accusative; अद्य पूर्वम् 'till-now', 'hitherto'; पूर्वः -ततः -पश्चात् -उपरि 'firstthen, first-afterwards', 'previously, subsequently',पूर्वम् -अधुना or -अद्य 'formerly-now.' -Compound

    • -अग्निः the sacred fire kept in the house (आवसथ्य).

    • -अङ्गः the first day in the civil month.

    • -अचलः, -अद्रिः the eastern mountain behind which the sun and moon are supposed to rise.

    • -अधिकारिन् Masculine the first occupant, a prior owner.

    • -अन्तः the end of a preceding word.

    • -अपर

      1. Adjective
      2. eastern and western; कतमोऽयं पूर्वापर- समुद्रावगाढः सानुमानालोक्यते Ś.7; पूर्वापरौ तोयनिधी वगाह्य Ku. 1.1.
      3. first and last.
      4. prior and subsequent, preceding and following.
      5. connected with another.
      6. (रम्) what is before and behind.
      7. connection; न च पूर्वापरं विद्यात् Ms.8.56.
      8. the proof and the thing to be proved. denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedविरोधः inconsistency, incongruity.

    • -अभिमुख Adjective turned towards or facing the east.

    • -अभ्यासः former practice or experience.

    • -अम्बुधिः the eastern ocean.

    • -अर्जित

      1. Adjective attained by former works. (-तम्) ancestral property. अर्धः, र्धम् the first half; दिनस्य पूर्वार्धपरार्धभिन्ना छायेव मैत्री खलसज्जनानाम् Bh.2.6; समाप्तं पूर्वार्धम् etc.
      2. the upper part (of the body); शकुन्तला पूर्वार्धेन शयनादुत्थाय Ś.3; R.16.6.
      3. the first half of a hemistich.

    • -अवसायिन् Adjective what occurs first or earlier; पूर्वावसायिनश्च बलीयांसो जघन्यावसायिभ्यः ŚB. on MS.12.2.34.

    • -अह्णः the earlier part of the day, forenoon; Ms.4. 96,152. श्वः कार्यमद्य कुर्वीत पूर्वाह्णे चापराह्णिकम् (पूर्वाह्णतन, पूर्वा- ह्णिकः, पूर्वाह्णेतन Adjective relating to the forenoon).

    • -आवेदकः a plaintiff.

    • -आषाढा Name of the 2th lunar mansion consisting of two stars.

    • -इतर Adjective western.

    • -उक्त, -उदित Adjective beforementioned, aforesaid, -उत्तर Adjective north-eastern. (-रा) the north-east. (-रे dual) the preceding and following, antecedent and subsequent.

    • -कर्मन्

      1. Neuter
      2. a former act or work.
      3. the first thing to be done, a prior work.
      4. actions done in a former life.
      5. preparations, preliminary arrangements.

    • -कल्पः former times.

    • -कायः

      1. the fore-part of the body of animals; पश्चार्धेन प्रविष्टः शरपतनभयाद् भूयसा पूर्वकायम् Ś.1.7.
      2. the upper part of the body of men; स्पृशन् करेणानतपूर्वकायम् R.5.32; पर्यङ्कबन्धस्थिरपूर्वकायम् Ku.3.45.

    • -काल Adjective belonging to ancient times. (-लः) former or ancient times.

    • -कालिक, -कालीन Adjective ancient.

    • -काष्ठा the east, eastern quarter.

    • -कृत Adjective previously done. (-तम्) an act done in a former life.

    • -कोटिः Feminine the starting point of a debate, the first statement or पूर्वपक्ष quod vide, which see

    • -क्रिया preparation.

    • -गा Name of the river Godāvarī.

    • -गङ्गा Name of the river Narmadā; रेवेन्दुजा पूर्वगङ्गा नर्मदा मेकलीद्रिजा Abh. Chin.183.

    • -चोदित

      1. Adjective
      2. aforesaid, above-mentioned.
      3. previously stated or advanced (as an objection.

    • -ज

      1. Adjective
      2. born or produced before or formerly, first-produced, first-born; यमयोः पूर्वजः पार्थः Mb.3.141. 11.
      3. ancient, old.
      4. eastern.
      5. (जः) an elder brother; अपहाय महीशमार्चिचत् सदसि त्वां ननु भामपूर्वजः; Śi. 16.44; R.15.36.
      6. the son of the elder wife.
      7. an ancestor, a forefather; स पूर्वजानां कपिलेन रोषात् R.16.34.
      8. (Plural) the progenitors of mankind.
      9. the manes living in the world of the moon. (-जा) an elder sister.

    • -जन्मन् Neuter a former birth. (-Masculine) an elder brother; स लक्ष्मणं लक्ष्मणपूर्वजन्मा (विलोक्य) R.14.44.;15.95.

    • -जातिः Feminine a former birth.

    • -ज्ञानम् knowledge of a former life.

    • -तापनीयम् Name of the first half of नृसिंहतापनीयोपनिषद्.

    • -दक्षिण Adjective south-eastern. (-णा) the south-east.

    • -दिक्पतिः Indra, the regent of the east.

    • -दिनम् the forenoon.

    • -दिश् Feminine the east.

    • -दिश्य Adjective situated towards the east, eastern.

    • -दिष्टम् the award of destiny.

    • -दृष्ट

      1. Adjective
      2. primæval.
      3. declared by the ancients; यथा ब्राह्मण- चाण्डालः पूर्वदृष्टस्तथैव सः Ms.9.87.

    • -देवः

      1. an ancient deity.
      2. a demon or Asura; भूमिदेवनरदेवसंगमे पूर्वदेवरिपुरर्हणां हरिः Śi.14.58.
      3. a progenitor (पितृ).
      4. (Dual) an epithet of Nara-Nārāyaṇa; सव्यसाचिन् महाबाहो पूर्वदेव सनातन Mb.3. 41.35. (com. पूर्वदेव नरनारायणसख).

    • -देवता a progenitor (पितृ) of gods or of men; अक्रोधनाः शौचपराः सततं ब्रह्म- चारिणः । न्यस्तशस्त्रा महाभागाः पितरः पूर्वदेवताः ॥ Ms.3.192.

    • -देशः the eastern country, or the eastern part of India.

    • -द्वार Adjective favourable in the eastern region.

    • -निपातः the irregular priority of a word in a compound; Compare परनिपात.

    • -निमित्त an omen.

    • -निविष्ट Adjective made formerly, in past; यस्तु पूर्वनिविष्टस्य तडागस्योदकं हरेत् Ms.9.281.

    • -पक्षः

      1. the fore-part or side.
      2. the first half of a lunar month; सर्वं पूर्वपक्षापरपक्षाभ्यामभिपन्नम् Bṛi. Up.3.1.5.
      3. the first part of an argument, the prima facie argument or view of a question; विषयो विशयश्चैव पूर्वपक्षस्तथोत्तरम्.
      4. the first objection to an argument.
      5. the statement of the plaintiff.
      6. a suit at law.
      7. an assertion, a proposition. denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedपादः the plaint, the first stage of a legal proceeding.

    • -पदम् the first member of a compound or sentence.

    • -पर्वतः the eastern mountain behind which the sun is supposed to rise.

    • -पश्चात्, -पश्चिम Indeclinable from the east to the west.

    • -पाञ्चालक Adjective belonging to the eastern Pañch- ālas.

    • -पाणिनीयाः Masculine (Plural) the disciples of Pāṇini living in the east.

    • -पालिन् Masculine an epithet of Indra.

    • -पितामहः a forefather, an ancestor; अब्रवीद् हि स मां क्रुद्धस्तव पूर्वपितामहः । मूत्रश्लेष्माशनः पाप निरयं प्रतिपत्स्यसे ॥ Mb.12.3.21.

    • -पीठिका introduction.

    • -पुरुषः

      1. an epithet of Brahmā.
      2. anyone of the first three ancestors, beginning with the father (पितृ, पितामह, and प्रपितामह); Pt.1.89.
      3. an ancestor in general.

    • -पूर्व Adjective each preceding one. (-र्वाः) Masculine (Plural) forefathers.

    • -प्रोष्ठपदा Equivalent to पूर्वभाद्रपदा; Mb.13.89.13.

    • -फल्गुनी the eleventh lunar mansion containing two stars. denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedभवः an epithet of the planet Jupiter.

    • -बन्धुः first or best friend; Mk.

    • -भवः a former life.

    • -भागः

      1. the forepart.
      2. the upper part.

    • -भा (भ)द्रपदा the twentyfifth lunar mansion containing two stars.

    • -भावः

      1. priority.
      2. prior or antecedent existence; येन सहैव यस्य यं प्रति पूर्वभावोऽवगम्यते Tarka K.
      3. (Rhet.) disclosing an intention.

    • -भाषिन् Adjective willing to speak first; hence polite, courteous.

    • -भुक्तिः Feminine prior occupation or possession; Ms.8.252.

    • -भूत Adjective preceding, previous.

    • -मध्याह्नः the forenoon.

    • -मारिन् Adjective dying before; एवंवृत्तां सवर्णां स्त्रीं द्विजातिः पूर्वमारिणीम् (दाहयेत्) Ms.5.167.

    • -मीमांसा 'the prior or first Mīmāṁsā', an inquiry into the first or ritual portion of the Veda, as opposed to the उत्तरमीमांसा or वेदान्त; see मीमांसा.

    • -मुख Adjective having the face turned towards the east.

    • -याम्य Adjective south-eastern.

    • -रङ्गः the commencement or prelude of a drama, the prologue; यन्नाठ्यवस्तुनः पूर्वं रङ्गविघ्नोपशान्तये । कुशीलवाः प्रकुर्वन्ति पूर्वरङ्गः स उच्यते ॥ D. R; पूर्वरङ्गं विधायैव सूत्रधारो निवर्तते S. D.283; पूर्वरङ्गः प्रसंगाय नाटकीयस्य वस्तुनः Śi.2.8. (see Malli. thereon).

    • -रागः the dawning or incipient love, love between two persons which springs (from some previous cause) before their meeting; श्रवणाद् दर्शनाद् वापि मिथः संरूढरागयोः । दशाविशेषोयोऽप्राप्तौ पूर्वरागः स उच्यते ॥ S. D.214.

    • -रात्रः the first part of the night (from dusk to midnight).

    • -रूपम्

      1. indication of an approaching change; an omen.
      2. a symptom of occuring disease.
      3. the first of two concurrent vowels or consonants that is retained.
      4. (in Rhet.) a figure of speech which consists in describing anything as suddenly resuming its former state.

    • -लक्षणम् a symptom of coming sickness.

    • -वयस् Adjective young. (-Neuter) youth.

    • -वर्तिन् Adjective existing before, prior, previous.

    • -वाक्यम् (in dram.) an allusion to former utterance.

    • -वादः the first plea or commencement of an action at law; पूर्ववादं परित्यज्य योऽन्यमालम्बते पुनः । पदसंक्रमणाद् ज्ञेयो हीनवादी स वै नरः ॥ Mitā.

    • -वादिन् Masculine the complainant or plaintiff.

    • -विद् Adjective knowing the events of the past; historian; पृथोरपीमां पृथिवीं भार्यां पूर्वविदो विदुः Ms.9.44.

    • -विप्रतिषेधः the conflict of two statements contrary to each other.

    • -विहित Adjective deposited before.

    • -वृत्तम्

      1. a former event; पूर्ववृत्तकथितैः पुराविदः सानुजः पितृ- सखस्य राघवः (अह्यमानः) R.11.1.
      2. previous conduct.

    • -वैरिन् Adjective one who first commences hostilities, an aggressor.

    • -शारद Adjective relating to the first half of autumn.

    • -शैलः see पूर्वपर्वत.

    • -सक्थम् the upper part of the thigh. Parasmaipada V.4.98.

    • -संचित Adjective gathered before (as in former birth); त्यजेदाश्वयुजे मासि मुन्यन्नं पूर्वसंचितम् Ms.6.15.

    • -सन्ध्या daybreak, dawn; रजनिमचिरजाता पूर्वसंध्या सुतैव (अनुपतति) Si.11.4.

    • -सर Adjective going in front.

    • -सागरः the eastern ocean; स सेनां महतीं कर्षन् पूर्वसागरगामिनीम् R.4.32.

    • -साहसः the first of the three fines; स दाप्यः पूर्वसाहसम् Ms.9.281.

    • -स्थितिः Feminine former or first state.

    Source: Apte

Monier-Williams

Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary
  1. पूर्वpūrvamf(आ)n. (connected with पुरा, पुरस्, प्र, and declined like a pron. when implying relative position whether in…
    1. mf(आ)neuter gender (connected with पुरा, पुरस्, प्र, and declined like a pronoun when implying relative position whether in place or time, but not necessarily in ablative locative case sg. masculine gender neuter gender and nominative case plural masculine gender; see Pa1n2. 1-1, 27; 34; vii, 1, 16) being before or in front fore, first fg-veda etc.
    2. mf(आ)neuter gender eastern, to the east of (ablative) ibidem
    3. mf(आ)neuter gender former, prior, preceding, previous to, earlier than (ablative or compound) ibidem (गज-पूर्व, preceding the number "eight" id est seven, the seventh S3rutab.; मासेन प्that the rest of a word is to be supplied or मास-प्that the rest of a word is to be supplied, earlier by a month Pa1n2. 2-1, 31; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' often Equivalent to formerly or before exempli gratia, 'for example' स्त्री-प्that the rest of a word is to be supplied, f formerly a wife; आढ्य-प्that the rest of a word is to be supplied, f formerly wealthy; especially after a pp. exempli gratia, 'for example' कृत-प्that the rest of a word is to be supplied, done before, दृष्ट-प्that the rest of a word is to be supplied, seen b before; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' also preceded or accompanied by, attended with exempli gratia, 'for example' स्मित-पूर्वा-वाक्, speech accompanied by smiles; sometimes not translatable exempli gratia, 'for example' मृदु-पूर्वा वाक्, kind speech)
    4. mf(आ)neuter gender ancient, old, customary, traditional fg-veda etc.
    5. mf(आ)neuter gender first (in a series), initial, lowest (opp. to उत्तर; with दम or साहस "the lowest fine") Mn. viii, 120 etc.
    6. mf(आ)neuter gender (with वयस्) "first age", youth MBh.
    7. mf(आ)neuter gender foregoing, aforesaid, mentioned before (ablative) Mn. MBh. Pa1n2.
    8. masculine gender an ancestor, forefather (plural the ancients, ancestors) fg-veda etc.
    9. masculine gender an elder brother R.
    10. masculine gender Name of a prince BhP.
    11. neuter gender the fore part S3ak. ii, 4 (confer, compare Pa1n2. 2-2, 1)
    12. neuter gender a particular high number (applied to a period of years) Buddh.
    13. neuter gender Name of the most ancient of Jaina जैन writings (of which 14 are enumerated) Lexicographers
    14. neuter gender Name of a Tantra तन्त्र catalogue or catalogues
    15. neuter gender an ancient tradition W.
    16. (in compound)
    Source: Monier-Williams

Macdonell

A. A. Macdonell, A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary
  1. पूर्वpūrva[pûr-va] a. being in front, fore; fronting, eastern; being to the east of (ab.); preceding; former, earlier…

    [pûr-va] adjective being in front, fore; fronting, eastern; being to the east of (ablative); preceding; former, earlier; prior to (ablative or --˚); ancient, traditional, of the olden time; first (in succession); lowest (fine); previously or first mentioned or named; very commonly --˚ after a perfect passive participleEquivalent topreviously or before (for example drishta-pûrva, seen before); e vayasi, in youth; --˚ adjective having as the preceding thing=preceded or accompanied by, based on, with: -m, adverb, -ial, -ially before, beforehand, previously, already; first; formerly, long ago (sts. with present); --˚ (also pûrvena), in accordance with, amid, after, with (or when the privative negation precedes=without); masculine plural the ancients, forefathers, ancestors; singular elder brother; neuter fore part; â, feminine; also equal for east.

    Source: Macdonell

Analysis (Beta) · पूर्व

morphology by sanskrit_parser

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