Apte Dictionary

V. S. Apte, The Practical Sanskrit–English Dictionary. Look up any word of the Gita in Devanagari, IAST or Harvard-Kyoto, or browse the headwords letter by letter.

Entry अहो

अहोahoind.A particle showing (a) surprise or wonder; often agreeable (ah, how great or wonderful); अहो कामी स्वतां…
1. A particle showing (a) surprise or wonder; often agreeable (ah, how great or wonderful); अहो कामी स्वतां पश्यति Ś.2.2; अहो मधुरमासां दर्शनम् Ś.1; अहो बकुलावलिका M.1 Oh, it is बकुलाdenotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be supplied (meaning 'I did not expect to see you here'); अहो रागबद्धचित्तवृत्तिरा- लिखित इव सर्वतो रङ्गः Ś.1; अहो रूपमहो वीर्यमहो सत्त्वमहो द्युतिः Rām. (how wonderful his form etc.). (b) Painful surprise; अहो ते विगतचेतनत्वम् K.146.
2. Sorrow or regret in general; ('alas,' 'ah'); अहो दुष्यन्तस्य संशयमारूढाः पिण्डभाजः Ś.6; विधिरहो बलवानिति मे मतिः Bh.2.91.
3. Praise ('bravo', 'well done'); अहो देवदत्तः पचति शोभनम् ParasmaipadaVIII.1.4 Sk.
4. Reproach ('fie', 'shame'); अहो वो धिग्बलं क्षात्रम् Mb.
5. Calling out or addressing; अहो हिरण्यक श्लाध्योऽसि H.1.
6. Envy or jealousy; कटमहो करिष्यसि ParasmaipadaVIII.1.41 Commentary
7. Enjoyment, satisfaction.
8. Fatigue.
9. Doubt (probably for आहो quod vide, which see).
10. In the sense, obvious, plain, clear; (प्रसिद्ध) अहो- ष्मान्तर्गतश्चापि गर्भत्वं समुपेयिवान् Mb.12.253.11.
11. Sometimes merely as an expletive. Prov. अहो रूपमहो ध्वनिः (used to convey the idea of mutual adulation, the ass complimenting the camel upon its fine form, and the camel the ass upon its melodious voice); अहो नु खलु (भोः) generally indicates surprise, often agreeable (आश्चर्य) अहो नु खल्वीदृशीमवस्थां प्रपन्नोऽस्मि Ś.5; अहो नु खलु भोस्तदेत- त्काकतालीयं नाम Māl.5. अहो बत shows (a) compassion, pity, regret; अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम् Bg.1.44; (b) satisfaction or admiration (संतोष); अहो बतासि स्पृह- णीयवीर्यः Ku.3.2 (Oh, how enviable is your prowess; Malli. here takes अहो बत in the sense of संबोधन; (c) addressing, calling; (d) fatigue etc. (अहो बतानुकम्पायां खेदे संबोधने) Nm. (अहो धिगर्थे शोके च करुणार्थविषादयोः । संबोधने प्रशंसायां विस्मये पादपूरणे ॥ असूयायां वितर्के च प्रायशोहो प्रयुज्यते । अहो बतानुकम्पायां खेदामन्त्रणयोस्तथा ॥).
Derived forms and compounds
- -पुरुषिका Equivalent to आहोपुरुषिका quod vide, which see
- -लाभकर Adjective (अल्पेऽपि लाभे, अहो लाभो जात इति विस्मयं कुर्वाणम्) satisfied with very little; Mb.5.133.27.
In the Gita1·44

अहो बत महत् पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम् ।

aho bata mahat pāpaṁ kartuṁ vyavasitā vayam, — Alas! We were engaged in committing a great sin, we who were endeavoring to kill our own people through greed of the pleasures of kingship. 1·44
- अहोahointerjection indeclinable (alas!) .
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Part 52 of 52 अस्वत्वम् – अह्वलाAll parts