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Apte Dictionary

V. S. Apte, The Practical Sanskrit–English Dictionary. Look up any word of the Gita in Devanagari, IAST or Harvard-Kyoto, or browse the headwords letter by letter.

Entry नियम

  1. नियमniyama1 Restraining, checking.
    1. 1 Restraining, checking.
    2. Taming, subduing.
    3. Confining, preventing.
    4. A restraint, check; वाचि नियमः Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)2.2; अधर्मानियमः Ms.8.122.
    5. Restriction, limitation; Mb.14.13.11.
    6. A rule or precept, law (in general), usage; नायमेकान्ततो नियमः Ś. B.
    7. Regularity; कुसुमसुकुमारमूर्तिर्दधती नियमेन तनुतरं मध्यम् Ratn. 1.2.
    8. Certainty, ascertainment.
    9. An agreement, promise, vow, engagement.
    10. Necessity, obligation.
    11. Any voluntary or self-imposed religious observance (dependent on external conditions); [The earliest explanation of this expression is the one found in the ŚB. on MS.4.2.24. Compare कोऽयं नियमः । अनियतस्य नियतता । प्रयोगाङ्गतया सर्वे देशाः प्राप्नुवन्ति, न तु समच्चयेन । यदा समो न तदा विषमः । यदा विषमो न तदा समः । स एष समः प्राप्तश्चाप्राप्तश्च । यदा न प्राप्तः स पक्षो विधिं प्रयोजयति. This is very nicely stated in the Vārttika'नियमः पाक्षिके सति']; R.1.94; Ki.5.4; (see Malli. on Śi.13.23).
    12. Any minor observance or lesser vow, a duty prescribed to be done, but which is not so obligatory as a यम quod vide, which see शौचमिज्या तपो दानं स्वाध्यायोपस्थनिग्रहः । व्रतमौनोपवासं च स्नानं च नियमा दशा ॥ Atri.
    13. Penance, devotion, religious austerities; नियमविघ्न- कारिणी Ś.1; R.15.74.
    14. (In Mīm. Philosophy) A rule or precept which lays down or specifies something which, in the absence of that rule, would be optional; विधिरत्यन्तमप्राप्तौ नियमः पाक्षिके सति.
    15. (In Yoga Philosophy) Restraint of the mind, the second of the 8 principal steps of meditation in Yoga; दशैते नियमाः प्रोक्ता योगशास्त्र- विशारदैः Tantrasāra.
    16. (In Rhet.) A poetical commonp lace or convention, as the description of the cuckoo in spring, peacocks in the rains etc.
    17. Defining, definition.
    18. Keeping down, lowering (as the voice).
    19. Keeping secret; मन्त्रस्य नियमं कुर्याः Mb.5. 141.2.
    20. Effort (यत्न); यथैते नियमं पौराः कुर्वन्त्यस्मिन्निवर्तने Mb.2.46.2. (नियमेन as a rule, invariably).

    Derived forms and compounds

    • -उपमा a simile which expressly states that something can be compared only with something else.

    • -धर्मः a law prescribing restraints.

    • -निष्ठा rigid observance of prescribed rites.

    • -पत्रम् a written agreement.

    • -विधिः a religious rite, daily ritual; नियमविधिजलानां बर्हिषां चोप- नेत्री Ku.1.6.

    • -स्थ Adjective observing penance; Ku.5.13.

    • -स्थितिः Feminine steady observance of religious obligations, asceticism.

    • -हेतुः a regulating cause.

    In the Gita7·20

    तं तं नियममास्थाय प्रकृत्या नियताः स्वया ॥

    taṁ taṁ niyamamāsthāya prakṛtyā niyatāḥ svayā. — Men are led away by various outer desires which take from them the working of the inner knowledge; they resort to other godheads and they set up this… 7·20
    • नियमम्niyamamaccusative singular of the masculine noun niyama (restraining, checking, rule).

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Headwords under न

Part 6 of 12 निब – निरुध्All parts
  1. न – नमस्यु
  2. नमित – नाडिका
  3. नाडिकेल – निंस्
  4. निःक्षत्र – निग्रह्
  5. निग्रह – निफेनम्
  6. निब – निरुध्
  7. निरूढ – निर्मोक्ष
  8. निर्मोचनम् – निविशेष
  9. निविष्ट – निष्क्काथ
  10. निष्क्रम् – नीवर
  11. नीवाक – नैर्मल्यम्
  12. नैर्लज्जम् – न्योजस्