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Results for नियम

54 entries · exact headword first

Apte Dictionary

V. S. Apte, The Practical Sanskrit–English Dictionary

नियमniyama1 Restraining, checking.
1. 1 Restraining, checking.
2. Taming, subduing.
3. Confining, preventing.
4. A restraint, check; वाचि नियमः Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)2.2; अधर्मानियमः Ms.8.122.
5. Restriction, limitation; Mb.14.13.11.
6. A rule or precept, law (in general), usage; नायमेकान्ततो नियमः Ś. B.
7. Regularity; कुसुमसुकुमारमूर्तिर्दधती नियमेन तनुतरं मध्यम् Ratn. 1.2.
8. Certainty, ascertainment.
9. An agreement, promise, vow, engagement.
10. Necessity, obligation.
11. Any voluntary or self-imposed religious observance (dependent on external conditions); [The earliest explanation of this expression is the one found in the ŚB. on MS.4.2.24. Compare कोऽयं नियमः । अनियतस्य नियतता । प्रयोगाङ्गतया सर्वे देशाः प्राप्नुवन्ति, न तु समच्चयेन । यदा समो न तदा विषमः । यदा विषमो न तदा समः । स एष समः प्राप्तश्चाप्राप्तश्च । यदा न प्राप्तः स पक्षो विधिं प्रयोजयति. This is very nicely stated in the Vārttika'नियमः पाक्षिके सति']; R.1.94; Ki.5.4; (see Malli. on Śi.13.23).
12. Any minor observance or lesser vow, a duty prescribed to be done, but which is not so obligatory as a यम quod vide, which see शौचमिज्या तपो दानं स्वाध्यायोपस्थनिग्रहः । व्रतमौनोपवासं च स्नानं च नियमा दशा ॥ Atri.
13. Penance, devotion, religious austerities; नियमविघ्न- कारिणी Ś.1; R.15.74.
14. (In Mīm. Philosophy) A rule or precept which lays down or specifies something which, in the absence of that rule, would be optional; विधिरत्यन्तमप्राप्तौ नियमः पाक्षिके सति.
15. (In Yoga Philosophy) Restraint of the mind, the second of the 8 principal steps of meditation in Yoga; दशैते नियमाः प्रोक्ता योगशास्त्र- विशारदैः Tantrasāra.
16. (In Rhet.) A poetical commonp lace or convention, as the description of the cuckoo in spring, peacocks in the rains etc.
17. Defining, definition.
18. Keeping down, lowering (as the voice).
19. Keeping secret; मन्त्रस्य नियमं कुर्याः Mb.5. 141.2.
20. Effort (यत्न); यथैते नियमं पौराः कुर्वन्त्यस्मिन्निवर्तने Mb.2.46.2. (नियमेन as a rule, invariably).
Derived forms and compounds
- -उपमा a simile which expressly states that something can be compared only with something else.
- -धर्मः a law prescribing restraints.
- -निष्ठा rigid observance of prescribed rites.
- -पत्रम् a written agreement.
- -विधिः a religious rite, daily ritual; नियमविधिजलानां बर्हिषां चोप- नेत्री Ku.1.6.
- -स्थ Adjective observing penance; Ku.5.13.
- -स्थितिः Feminine steady observance of religious obligations, asceticism.
- -हेतुः a regulating cause.
In the Gita7·20

तं तं नियममास्थाय प्रकृत्या नियताः स्वया ॥

taṁ taṁ niyamamāsthāya prakṛtyā niyatāḥ svayā. — Men are led away by various outer desires which take from them the working of the inner knowledge; they resort to other godheads and they set up this… 7·20
- नियमम्niyamamaccusative singular of the masculine noun niyama (restraining, checking, rule).
Source: ApteApte entry
अनियमaniyama1 Absence of rule, control, regulation or fixed order; no settled rule or direction; प्रामाण्यबुद्धिर्बेदेषु…
1. 1 Absence of rule, control, regulation or fixed order; no settled rule or direction; प्रामाण्यबुद्धिर्बेदेषु साधनानामनेकता । उपास्यानामनियम एतद्धर्मस्य लक्षणम् ॥ Lok. Tilak. पञ्चमं लघु सर्वत्र सप्तमं द्विचतुर्थयोः । षष्ठे पादे गुरु ज्ञेयं शेषे- ष्वनियमो मतः ॥ Ch. M.
2. Irregularity, uncertainty. indefiniteness, vagueness, doubt.
3. Improper conduct, अनियमित Adjective Irregular.
Source: ApteApte entry

Macdonell

A. A. Macdonell, A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary

नियमniyama[ni-yama] m. restraint, limitation; re striction to (lc. or prati with ac.); fixed rule, certainty, absolute…

[ni-yama] masculine restraint, limitation; re striction to (locative or prati with accusative); fixed rule, certainty, absolute necessity (in a particular case); contract, promise; vow; self-imposed (religious) observance, minor (occasional) duty: ablative necessarily, certainly; instrumental the same; with certain limitations; -yamana, neuter restraining, subduing; restriction; -yama-vat, adjective prac tising religious observances; -yamya, future participle passive to be restrained, -subdued; -limited; -re stricted; -yấna, neuter going in, entry; -yâma ka, adjective (ikâ) restraining, checking; restricting.

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अकालनियमakālaniyama[a-kâla-niyama] m. no limit of time.

[a-kâla-niyama] masculine no limit of time.

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अनियमaniyama[a-niyama] m. lack of limitation; want of self-restraint.

[a-niyama] masculine lack of limitation; want of self-restraint.

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अनियमोपमाaniyamopamā[aniyama ͜ upamâ] f. kind of simile.

[aniyama ͜ upamâ] feminine; also equal for kind of simile.

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Monier-Williams

Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary

नियमniyamam. restraining, checking, holding back, preventing, controlling Mn. MBh. &c.
1. masculine gender restraining, checking, holding back, preventing, controlling Mn. MBh. etc.
2. masculine gender keeping down, lowering (as the voice) RPra1t.
3. masculine gender limitation, restriction (609134 that the rest of a word is to be suppliedमेन indeclinable with restrictions id est under certain conditions Car.)
4. masculine gender reduction or restriction to (with locative case or प्रति), determination, definition Gr2S3rS. Pra1t. MBh. Ra1jat.
5. masculine gender any fixed rule or law, necessity, obligation (609136 that the rest of a word is to be suppliedमेन indeclinable and 609136.1 that the rest of a word is to be suppliedमात् indeclinable as a rule, necessarily, invariably, surely) Var. R. Sus3r. etc.
6. masculine gender agreement, contract, promise, vow R. Katha1s.
7. masculine gender any act of voluntary penance or meritorious piety (especially a lesser vow or minor observance dependent on external conditions and not so obligatory as यम quod vide) TA1r. Mn. MBh. Ka1v. etc.
8. masculine gender a particular process applied to minerals (especially to quicksilver wrong reading that the rest of a word is to be suppliedयाम) catalogue or catalogues
9. masculine gender (in rhetoric) a common-place, any conventional expression or usual comparison
10. masculine gender (in Mi1ma1m2sa1 मीमांसा philosophy) a rule or precept (laying down or specifying something otherwise optional)
11. masculine gender restraint of the mind (the 2nd of the 8 steps of meditation in Yoga योग)
12. masculine gender performing five positive duties MWB. 239
13. masculine gender Name of Vishn2u विष्णु MBh.
14. masculine gender Necessity or Law personified as a son of Dharma धर्म and Dhr2iti धृति Pur.
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अनियमaniyamam. absence of control or rule or fixed order or obligation, unsettledness
1. masculine gender absence of control or rule or fixed order or obligation, unsettledness
2. masculine gender indecorous or improper conduct
3. masculine gender uncertainty, doubt
4. masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective having no rule, irregular.
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अनियमितaniyamitamfn. having no rule
1. masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective having no rule
2. masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective irregular.
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अनियमोपमाaniyamopamāf. (in rhet.) a kind of simile (in which the Upama1na उपमान is not restricted to a certain person or thing)…

feminine (in rhetoric) a kind of simile (in which the Upama1na उपमान is not restricted to a certain person or thing), Ka1vya7d. ii, 20 .

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