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Derived forms and compounds

• अधि adhi, Indeclinable

  1. (As a prefix to verbs) over, above; (अधिकार); denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedस्था to stand over; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedकृ to place over or at the head of; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedरुह् to grow over or above; over and above, besides, in addition to (आधिक्य); fully, completely (अतिशय, विशेष), to get something in addition to another; अधिगत्य जगत्यधीश्वरात् having obtained fully, अधि intensifying the meaning of the root; इतो वा सातिमीमहे दिवो वा पार्थिवादधि Rv.1.6.1; (अधीमहे आधिक्येन याचामहे).
  2. (As a separable adverb) Over, above, from above (mostly Vedic); षष्टिर्वारासो अधि षट् Rv.7.18.14.
  3. (As a preposition) with Accusative (a) Above, over, upon, in (उपरि); यं दन्तमधिजायते नाडी तं दन्तमुद्धरेत् Suśr. अध्यधि Just above; लोकानुपर्युपर्यास्तेऽधोऽधोऽध्यधि च माधवः Bopadeva; with Genitive also; ये नाकस्याधि रोचने दिवि Rv. 1.19.6 above the sun; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedविटपि Śi.7.35; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedत्वत् 7.41; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedरजनि at night. अधिरजनि जगाम धाम तस्याः 52. (b) with reference to, concerning, in the case of, on the subject of (अधिकृत्य) (mostly in adverbial compounds in this sense); हरौ इति अधिहरि; so अधिस्त्रि; कृष्णमधिकृत्य प्रवृत्ता कथा अधिकृष्णम्; so denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedज्योतिषम्, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedलोकम्, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedदैवम्, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedदैवतम् treating of stars etc.; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedपुरन्ध्रि Śi.6.32 in the case of women. (c) (With Ablative) Just over, more than (अधिक); सत्त्वादधि महानात्मा Kath.; अविदितादधि (d) (With Locative) Over, on or upon, above (showing lordship or sovereignty over something) (ऐश्वर्य); अधिरीश्वरे Parasmaipada1.4.97; अधिभुवि रामः ParasmaipadaII.3.9 Sk. Rāma rules over the earth; the country ruled over may be used with Locative of 'ruler'; अधि रामे भूः Tbe same; प्रहारवर्म- ण्यधि विदेहा जाताः Dk.77 subject to, under the government of, become the property or possession of (अधि denoting स्वत्वं in this case); under, inferior to (हीन); अधि हरौ सुराः (Bopadeva) the gods are under Hari.
  4. (As first member of Tatpuruṣa compounds) (a) Chief, supreme, principal, presiding; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedदेवता presiding deity; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedराजः supreme or soverign ruler; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedपतिः supreme lord etc. (b) Redundant, superfluous (growing over another); denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedदन्तः Equivalent to अध्यारूढः (दन्तस्योपरि जातः) दन्तः ParasmaipadaVI.2. 188. (c) Over, excessive; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedअधिक्षेपः high censure. According to G. M. अधि has these senses. अधिरध्ययनैश्वर्य- वशित्वस्मरणाधिके । Exempli gratia, for example; उपाध्यायादधीते; इङोऽध्ययनार्थकत्वस्य अधिद्योतकः; अधिपतिः (ऐश्वर्ये); अधीनः (वशित्वे) अधिगतः इनं; मातुरध्येति (स्मरणे); अधिकम् (अधिके).
  5. Instead of; इदमग्ने सुधितं दुर्धितादधि प्रियादु चिन्मन्मनः प्रेय अस्तु ते Rv.1.14. 11. In the Veda अधि is supposed by B. and R. to have the senses of 'out of', 'from', 'of', 'among', 'before', 'beforehand', 'for', 'in favour of', 'in', 'at'.

Derived forms and compounds

• -कम्

  1. Surplus, excess, more; लाभोऽधिकं फलम् Ak.
  2. Abundance, redundancy, superfluity.
  3. A figure of speech equivalent to hyperbole; आश्रयाश्रयिणोरेकस्याधिक्येऽधिक- मुच्यते । किमधिकमस्य ब्रूमो महिमानं वारिधेईरिर्यत्र । अज्ञात एव शेते कुक्षौ निक्षिप्य भुवनानि ॥ अत्र आश्रयस्याधिक्यम् । युगान्तकालप्रतिसंहृता- त्मनो जगन्ति यस्यां सविकाशमासत । तनौ ममुस्तत्र न कैटभद्विपस्तपो- धनाभ्यागमसंभृता मुदः ॥ S. D; महतोर्यन्महीयांसावाश्रिताश्रययोः क्रमात् । आश्रयाश्रयिणौ स्यातां तनुत्वेऽयधिकं तु तत् ॥ K. Parasmaipada1.-Adverb
  4. More, in a greater degree; स राज्यं गुरुणा दत्तं प्रतिपद्याधिकं बभौ R.4.1; shone the more; 3.18; यस्मिन्नैवा- धिकं चक्षुरारोपयति पार्थिवः Pt.1.243; Often times in comp.; इयम- धिकमनोज्ञा Ś.1.2; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedसुरभि Me.21.
  5. Exceedingly, too much.

• -अङ्ग

  1. Adjective (-ङ्गी Feminine) having a redundant limb. Ms.3.8. (see above
  2. ) (-ङ्गम्) अधिकोऽङ्गात् a sash, girdle or belt worn over the mail coat.

• -अधिक Adjective more and more, out-doing one another.

• -अर्थ Adjective exaggerated; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedवचनम् exaggeration, an exaggerated statement or assertion (whether of praise or of censure); कृत्यैरधिकार्थवचने ParasmaipadaII,1.33; (denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedनम् Equivalent to स्तुति- निन्दाफलकमर्थवादवचनम्; Exempli gratia, for example वातच्छेद्यं तृणम् id est, that is so light and weak; काकपेया नदी so deep and full).

• -ऋद्धि Adjective abundant, prosperous; ऋद्धिमन्तमधिकर्द्धिरुत्तरः पूर्वमुत्सवमपोहदुत्सवः R.19.5.

• -तिथिः Feminine

• -दिनं, -दिवसः an intercalated day.

• -दन्तः Equivalent to अधिदन्तः -मांसार्मन् Equivalent to अधिमांस quod vide, which see

• -वाक्योक्तिः Feminine exaggeration, hyperbole.

• -षाष्टिकसाप्ततिक Adjective containing or costing more than 6 or 7.