Apte Dictionary

1. अर्धardha(Written also as अर्द्ध) a. [ऋध्-णिच्-अच्; according to Nir. from धृ, or ऋध्] Half, forming a half (divided…

   (Written also as अर्द्ध) Adjective [ऋध्-णिच्-अच्; according to Nir. from धृ, or ऋध्] Half, forming a half (divided into 2 parts); अर्ध-अर्ध the one half-the other half.

   Derived forms and compounds

   • -र्धः

     1. ऋध्-घञ्
     2. A place, region, country; house, habitation (Vedic).
     3. Increase (वृद्धि).
     4. Wind.
     5. A part, portion, side. अर्धः, र्धम् half of a half, quarter; चरर्धार्धभागाभ्यां तामयोजयतामुभे R.1.56.
     6. half and half.

   • -अवभेदकः pain in half the head, hemicrania (Marâthî अर्धशिशी). (-कम्) dividing in equal parts.

   • -अवशेष Adjective having only a half left.

   • -आसनम्

     1. half a seat; अर्धासनं गोत्रभिदोऽधितष्ठौ R.6.73; मम हि दिवौकसां समक्षमर्धासनोपवेशितस्य Ś.7 (it being considered a mark of a very great respect to make room for a guest etc. on the same seat with oneself).
     2. greeting kindly or with great respect.
     3. exemption from censure.

   • -अकारः

     1. half the letter अ.
     2. Name of अवग्रह quod vide, which see

   • -असिः A sword with one edge, a small sword; अर्धासिभिस्तथा खङ्गैः Mb.7.137.15.

   • -उदयः

     1. the rising of the half moon.
     2. partial rise.
     3. a kind of parvan; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedआसनम् a sort of posture in meditatiou.

   • -उदित

     1. Adjective
     2. half risen.
     3. half uttered.

   • -ऊरुक Adjective अर्धमूरोः अर्धोरु तत्र काशते reaching to the middle of the thighs.

   • -इन्दुः

     1. the half or crescent moon.
     2. semicircular impresion of a finger-nail, crescent-shaped nail-print; कुचयोर्नखाङ्कैरर्धेन्दुलीलैः Name6.25.
     3. an arrow with a crescent-shaped head (Equivalent to अर्धचन्द्र below.); denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमौलि Name of Śiva तत्र व्यक्तं दृषदि चरणन्यासमर्धेन्दुमौलेः Me.57.

   • -इन्द्र Adjective that of which a half belongs to Indra.

   • -उक्त Adjective half said or uttered; रामभद्र इति अर्धोक्ते महाराज Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)1.

   • -उक्तिः Feminine a broken speech; an interrupted speech.

   • -उदकम्

     1. water reaching half the body.
     2. (कम्) a short petti-coat (Marâthî परकर); see चण्डातक.
     3. mantle, veil.

   • -कर्णः Radius, half the diameter.

   • -कृत Adjective half done, incomplete.

   • -केतुः Name of Rudra.

   • -कोशः a moiety of one's treasure.

   • -कौडविक Adjective measuring half a kuḍava.

   • -खारम्, -री a kind of measure, half a Khāri; ParasmaipadaV.4.11.

   • -गङ्गा

     1. Name of the river Kāverī; (स्नानादौ गङ्गास्नानार्धफलदायिनी); so denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedजाह्नवी -गर्भ Adjective Vedic र्धम्, र्धः A half, half portion; पचाति नेमो न हि पक्षदर्धः Rv.1.27.18. सर्वनाशे समुत्पन्ने अर्धं त्यजति पण्डितः, गतमर्धं दिवसस्य V.2; पूर्वार्धः first half; so उत्तरdenotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be supplied latter half; दक्षिणdenotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be supplied southern half (half on the right side); so अवरdenotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be supplied, जघनdenotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be supplied, परdenotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be supplied, ग्रामdenotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be supplied etc.; यदर्धे विच्छिन्नम् Ś.1.9 divided in half; ऋज्वायतार्धम् M.27; R.3.59; 12.99; रात्रौ तदर्धं गतम् Bh.3.17; one part of two, apart, partly (Vedic);
     2. Nearness, proximity; see अर्धदेव. (अर्ध may be compounded with almost every noun and adjective; as first member of compound with nouns it means 'a half of' and forms an एकदेशिसमास or तत्पुरुष; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedकायः Equivalent to अर्धं कायस्य; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedपिप्पली, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमार्गः; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedपुरुषः etc.; with adjectives, it has an adverbial force; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedश्याम half dark; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedभुक्त half eaten; so denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedपिष्ट, denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedपूर्ण etc.; with numeral adjectives it may mean either 'a half of' or 'with an additional half'; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedशतम् half of 1 id est, that is 5; or अर्धेन सहितं शतम् id est, that is 15; with ordinal numerals 'with a half or that number'; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedतृतीयम् containing two and the third only half; id est, that is two and a half; so denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedचतुर्थ three and a half. Compare अर्धं खण्डे समांशके Nm.

   • -अक्षि Neuter side-look, wink. नगरस्त्रीशङ्कितार्धाक्षिदृष्टम् Mk.8.42.

   • -अङ्गम् half the body.

   • -अन्तरम् half the distance; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedएकपदता a fault in composition; see S. D. 575.

   • -अंशः a half, the half.

   • -अंशिन्

     1. Adjective sharing a half.
     2. in the middle of the womb; सप्तार्धगर्भा भुवनस्य रेतो Rv. 1.164.36.
     3. Name of the rays of the Sun.

   • -गुच्छः a necklace of 24 strings.

   • -गुञ्जा half a gunja.

   • -गोलः a hemisphere.

   • -चक्रवर्तिन्, -चक्रिन् Masculine Name of the nine black Vasudevas and the nine enemies of Viṣṇu.

   • -चन्द्र

     1. Adjective crescent-shaped. (-न्द्रः) दिनम्, दिवसः half a day, mid-day.
     2. a day of 12 hours.
     3. the half moon, crescent moon; सार्धचन्द्रं बिभर्ति यः Ku.6.75.
     4. the semicircular marks on a peacock's tail.
     5. an arrow with a crescent-shaped head; अर्धचन्द्रमुखैर्बाणैश्चिच्छेद कदलीसुखम् R.12.96. Compare अर्धचन्द्रस्तदाकारे बाणे बर्हे शिखण्डिनः Nm.
     6. crescent-shaped nail-print.
     7. the hand bent into a semicircle, as for the purpose of seizing or clutching anything; denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedन्द्र दा to seize by the neck and turn out; दीयतामेतस्यार्धचन्द्रः Pt.1. (-द्रा) Name of a plant (कर्णस्फोट).

   • -चन्द्राकार, -चन्द्राकृति Adjective half-moonshaped.

   • -चन्द्रकम् A semi-circular pearl. Kau. (-रः, -ति Feminine) meniscus.

   • -चन्द्रिका Name of a climbing plant. (Marâthî तिळवण).

   • -चित्र Adjective Half-transparent; A kind of marble; अर्धाङ्गदृश्यमानं च तदर्धचित्रमिति स्मृतम् Māna.51.1.

   • -चोलकः a short bodice.

   • -जरतीयन्यायः a kind of न्याय, न चेदानीमर्धजरतीयं लभ्यं वृद्धिर्मे भविष्यति स्वरो नेति MBh.4.1. 78. See under न्याय.

   • -जीविका, -ज्या The sine of an arc.

   • -तनुः Feminine half the body.

   • -तिक्तः Name of a plant (नेपालनिम्ब Marâthî चिराईत).

   • -तूरः a kind of musical instrument.

   • -मात्रा

     1. half a (short) syllable. अर्धमात्रालाघवेन पुत्रोत्सवं मन्यन्ते वैयाकरणाः Pari Sik.
     2. a term for a consonant (व्यञ्जनं चार्धमात्रकम्).

   • -मार्गे Indeclinable mid-way; बन्दीकृता विबुधशत्रुभिरर्धमार्गे V.1.3.

   • -मासः half a month, a fortnight.

   • -मासतम Equivalent to denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमासिक see ParasmaipadaV.2.57.

   • -मासिक Adjective

   • -शतम्

     1. fifty.
     2. One hundred and fifty; Ms.8.267.

   • -शनम् अर्धमशनस्य शकन्ध्वाdenotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be supplied half a meal.

   • -शफरः a kind of fish.

   • -शब्द Adjective having a low voice.

   • -शेष Adjective having only a half left.

   • -श्याम Adjective half clouded.

   • -श्लोकः half a śloka or verse.

   • -सम Adjective equal to a half. (-मम्) Name of a class of metres in which the 1st and 3rd and 2nd and 4th lines have the same syllables and Gaṇas; such as पुष्पिताग्रा.

   • -सस्य Adjective half the crops, half grown.

   • -सहः An owl.

   • -सीरिन्

     1. Masculine
     2. midnight; अथार्धरात्रे स्तिमितप्रदीपे R.16.4; स्थितेऽर्धरात्रे Dk.19.
     3. a night containing half a whole day of 24 hours.

   • -रात्रार्धदिवसः equinox.

   • -लभ्मीहरिः Hari having a form half like Lakṣmī.

   • -विसर्गः, -विसर्जनीयः the Visarga sound before क्, ख्, प्, and फ्, so called because its sign () is the half of a Visarga ().

   • -वीक्षणम् a side-look, glance, leer.

   • -वृद्ध Adjective middle-aged.

   • -वृद्धिः The half of the interest or rent; Ms.8.15.

   • -वैनाशिकः Name of the followers of Kaṇāda (arguing half perishableness).

   • -वैशसम् half or incomplete murder; विधिना कृतमर्धवैशसं ननु मां कामवधे विमुञ्चता Ku.4.31.

   • -व्यासः

     1. the radius of a circle.
     2. happening every fortnight.
     3. lasting for a fortnight; येऽर्धमासाश्च च मासाश्च Mahānārā. 25. Y.2.177.

   • -मुष्टिः Feminine a half-clenched hand.

   • -यामः half a watch.

   • -रथः अर्धः असंपूर्णः रथः रथी a warrior who fights on a car with another (who is not so skilled as a रथी); रणे रणेऽभिमानी च विमुखश्चापि दृश्यते । घृणी कर्णः प्रमादी च तेन मेऽर्धरथो मतः Mb.

   • -रात्रः

     1. अर्ध रात्रेः
     2. a cultivator, ploughman who takes half the crop for his labour; शूद्रेषु दासगोपालकुलमित्रार्धसीरिणः Y.1.166.
     3. Equivalent to अर्धिक quod vide, which see

   • -हर, -हारिन् Adjective occupying the half (of the body); Ku.1.5; एको रागिषु राजते प्रियतमादेहार्ध- हारी हरः Bh.3.121.

   • -हारः a necklace of 64 strings. A half chain, a kind of ornament; नक्षत्रमालामपि चार्धहारं सुवर्णसूत्रं परितः स्तनाभ्याम् Māna.5.297-98. Compare also Kau. Atmanepada 2.11.

   • -ह्रस्वः half a (short) syllable.

   • -देवः

     1. demi-god. इन्द्रं न वृत्रतुरमर्धदेवम् Rv. 4.42.8-9.
     2. Vedic being near the gods; (देवानां समीपे बर्तमानः Sāy.).

   • -द्रौणिक Adjective measuring a half droṇa.

   • -धारः a knife or lancet with a single edge (one of the 2 surgical instruments mentioned by Suśruta).

   • -नाराचः a crescent-shaped iron-pointed arrow; नाराचानर्धनाराचाञ्शस्त्राणि विविधानि च Mbh.2.51.35; गृध- लक्षवेधी अर्धनाराचः V.5.

   • -नारायणः a form of Viṣṇu.

   • -नारीशः, -नारीश्वरः, -नारी, -नटेश्वरः a form of Śiva, (half male and half female) Compare... पतिरपि जगता- मर्धनारीश्वरोऽभूत् Sūkti.5.99.

   • -नावम् half a boat.

   • -निशा midnight.

   • -पञ्चम Adjective Four and half; युक्तश्छन्दांस्य- धीयीत मासान्विप्रोऽर्धपञ्चमान् Ms.4.95.

   • -पञ्चशत् Feminine twenty five Ms.8.268.

   • -पणः a measure containing half paṇa Ms.8.44.

   • -पथम् half way. (-पथे) midway भृतिमर्ध- पथे सर्वान्प्रदाप्य Y.2.198.

   • -पादः half a pāda or foot; अर्धपादं किष्कुविष्कम्भमुद्धृत्य Dk.19.

   • -पादा The plant भूम्यामलकी (Marâthî भूईआवळी).

   • -पादिक Adjective having half a foot; सद्यः कार्योऽर्धपादिकः Ms.8.325.

   • -पाञ्चालिक Adjective born or produced in the ardhapanchāla.

   • -पारावतः a kind of pigeon (अर्धेनाङ्गेन पारावत इव). The francolin partridge.

   • -पुलायितः a half gallop, canter; चित्रं चकार पदमर्धपुलायितेन Śi.5.1.

   • -प्रहर half a watch, one hour and a half.

   • -प्राणम् A kind of joinery resembling the shape of a bisected heart; मूलाग्रे कीलकं युक्तमर्धप्राणमिति स्मृतम् । Māna.17.99.

   • -भागः a half, half a share or part; तदर्धभागेन लभस्व काङ्क्षितम् Ku.5.5; R.7.45.

   • -भागिक Adjective sharing a half; मृते पितरि कुर्युस्तं भ्रातरस्त्वर्धभागिकम्म् Y.2.134.

   • -भाज्

     1. Adjective sharing entitled to a half; अर्धभाग्रक्षणाद्राजा Ms.8.39.
     2. a companion, sharer; देवानामर्धभागासि Av.6.86.3.

   • -भास्करः mid-day.

   • -भेदः Hemiplegia (अर्धाङ्गवायुः); Suś.

   • -भोटिका a kind of cake.

   • -भ्रमः -मकः a kind of artificial composition; for instances see Ki.15.27; Śi.19.72. The Sar. K. describes it as a figure of speech thus: आहुरर्धभ्रमं नाम श्लोकार्धभ्रमणं यदि.

   • -मागधी Name of a dialect in which many of Jaina Canonical books are written. It is so named perhaps because many of the characteristics of Māgadhi are found in it.

   • -माणवकः, -माणवः a necklace of 12 strings (माणवक consisting of 24.)

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