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Apte Dictionary

V. S. Apte, The Practical Sanskrit–English Dictionary. Look up any word of the Gita in Devanagari, IAST or Harvard-Kyoto, or browse the headwords letter by letter.

Entry गुरु

  1. गुरुgurua.(-रु, -र्वी f.) [ग कु उच्च Uṇ.1.24.] (compar. गरीयस्; superl. गरिष्ठ)
    1. (-रु, -र्वी Feminine) ग कु उच्च Uṇ.1.24. (compar. गरीयस्; superl. गरिष्ठ)
    2. Heavy, weighty (Opposite of लघु); (Figurative also); तेन धूर्जगतो गुर्वी सचिवेषु निचिक्षिपे R.1.34;3.35; 12.12; विमुच्य वासांसि गुरूणि साम्प्रतम् Ṛs.1.7.
    3. Great, large, long, extended.
    4. Long (in duration or length). आरम्भगुर्वी Bh.2.6; गुरुषु दिवसेष्वेषु गच्छत्सु Me.85.
    5. Important, momentous, great; विभवगुरुभिः कृत्यैः Ś.4. 19; स्वार्थात्सतां गुरुतरा प्रणयिक्रियैव V.4.31; Ku.3.13; Bh.3.7; R.14.35.
    6. Arduous, difficult (to bear); कान्ताविरहगुरुणा शापेन Me.1.
    7. Great, excessive, violent, intense; गुरुः प्रहर्षः प्रबभूव नात्मनि R.3.17; गुर्वपि विरहदुःखम् Ś.4.16; Bg.6.22.
    8. Venerable, respectable.
    9. Heavy, hard of digestion (as food).
    10. Best, excellent.
    11. Dear, beloved.
    12. Haughty, proud (as a speech).
    13. (In prosody) Long, as a syllable, either in itself, or being short, followed by a conjunct consonant etc.; Exempli gratia, for example ई in ईड् or त in तस्कर (It is usually represented by ग in works on prosody; मात्तौ गौ चेच्छालिनी वेदलोकैः etc.).
    14. Irresistible, unassailable; जागर्ति दंशाय...गुरुर्भुजङ्गी Māl.6.1.
    15. Mighty; powerful.
    16. Valuable, highly prized; पूर्वं पूर्वं गुरु ज्ञेयम् Y.2.3.
    17. Grievous; Me.85.

    Derived forms and compounds

    • -अङ्गना

      1. the wife of a Guru.
      2. A woman entitled to great respect.
    • -अर्थ Adjective important; सतीं व्यादाय शृण्वन्तो लघ्वीं गुर्वर्थगह्वराम् Bhāg.3. 16.14. (-र्थः) a preceptor's fee for instructing a pupil; गुर्वर्थमाहर्तुमहं यतिष्ये R.5.17.

    • -उत्तम Adjective highly revered. (-मः) the Supreme soul.

    • -कार्यम्

      1. a serious or weighty affair.
      2. the office of a spiritual teacher.
    • -कुलम् the residence of a Guru (गुरुगृह), academy; वसन् गुरुकुले नित्यं नित्यम- ध्ययने रतः Mb.9.4.3; आवृत्तानां गुरुकुलाद्विप्राणां पूजको भवेत् Ms.7.82.

    • -कृत Adjective

    • -उपदेशः

      1. Consultation of the experts; एषु स्थानेषु गुरूपदेशात् सम्यङ् नाडीं परीक्ष्य शिरामोचनं कुर्यात् Śālihotra of Bhoja, 82.
      2. advice by the elders or by the preceptor.
    • -कण्ठः a peacock.

    • -कारः worship, adoration.

    • -तल्पः

      1. the bed (wife) of a teacher.
      2. violation or violator of a teacher's bed; Mb.12.56.32.
    • -तल्पगः, -तल्पिन्

      1. Masculine
      2. worshipped.
      3. made much of; अहो निन्द्यं रूपं कविजनविशेषैर्गुरु कृतम् Bh.3.2.
    • -क्रमः instruction handed down through a series of teachers, traditional instruction.

    • -गृहम् signs (राशिs) Sagittarius (धनु) and Pisces (मीन).

    • -घ्नः white mustard.

    • -चर्या attendance upon a preceptor; Māl.9.51.

    • -जनः any venerable person, an elderly relative, the elders collectively; नापेक्षितो गुरुजनः K.158; Bv.2.7.

    • -पूजा

      1. the ceremonies in propitiation of Bṛihaspati when a work is to be performed or undertaken.
      2. the worship of one's spiritual preceptor.
    • -प्रसादः

      1. the product of a Guru's blessing, id est, that is learning.
      2. one who violates his teacher's bed (wife), (ranked in Hindu law as a sinner of the worst kind, committer of an अतिपातक; Compare Ms.11.13); Mb.3.43.6.
      3. one who defiles his step-mother.
    • -दक्षिणा fee given to a spiritual preceptor; उपात्तविद्यो गुरुदक्षिणार्थी R.5.1.

    • -दानम् a Guru's gift.

    • -दैवतम् the constellation पुष्य.

    • -पत्रा the tamarind tree.

    • -त्रम् tin.

    • -पाक Adjective difficult of digestion.

    • -भम्

      1. the constellation पुष्य.
      2. a bow.
      3. the sign Pisces of the zodiac.
    • -भावः importance, weight.

    • -मर्दलः a kind of drum or tabor.

    • -रुः

      1. (a) A father; न केवलं तद्गुरुरेकपार्थिवः क्षितावभूदेकधनुर्धरोऽपि सः R.3.31,48;4.1; 8.29. (b) Forefather, ancestor; त्वां मैत्रावरुणोऽभिनन्दतु गुरुर्यस्ते गुरूणामपि Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)5.27. (c) Father-in-law; त्वं हि मे गुरुः (तद्धर्मतः स्नुषा तेऽहम्) Rām.7.26.28-29.
      2. Any venerable or respectable person, an elderly personage or relative, the elders (Plural) शुश्रूषस्व गुरून् Ś.4.18; Bg. 2.5; Bv.2.7,18,19,49; आज्ञा गुरूणां ह्यविचारणीया R. 14.46.
      3. A teacher, preceptor; गुरुशिष्यौ.
      4. Particularly, a religious teacher, spiritual preceptor. तौ गुरुर्गुरुपत्नी च प्रीत्या प्रतिननन्दतुः R.1.57; (technically aGuru is one who performs the purificatory ceremonies over a boy and instructs him in the Vedas; स गुरुर्यः क्रियाः कृत्वा वेदमस्मै प्रयच्छति Y.1.34).
      5. A lord, head, superintendent, ruler; सर्वे गुरुहिते स्थिताः Rām.4.4.6; कर्णाश्रमाणां गुरवे स वर्णी R.5.19 the head of the castes or orders; गुरुर्नृपाणां गुरवे निवेद्य 2.68.
      6. Name of Bṛihaspati, the preceptor of the gods; गुरुं नेत्रसहस्रेण चोदयामास वासवः Ku.2.29; Pt.1.23.
      7. The planet Jupiter; गुरुकाव्यानुगां बिभ्रच्चान्द्रीमभिनभः श्रियम् Śi.2.2.
      8. The propounder of a new doctrine.
      9. The lunar asterism called पुष्य.
      10. Name of Droṇa, teacher of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas.
      11. Name of Prabhākara, the leader of a school of the Mīmāṁsakas (called after him Prābhākara).
      12. The supreme spirit.
    • -अक्षरम् a long syllable.

    • -रत्नम्

      1. topaz; (Marâthî पुष्पराग, गोमेद).
      2. a gem brought from the Himālaya and the Indus.
    • -लाघवम् relative importance or value; विरोधिषु महीपाल निश्चित्य गुरु- लाघवम् Mb.3.131.12; Ś.5.

    • -वर्चोघ्नः the lime, citron.

    • -वर्तिन्, -वासिन् Masculine a student (ब्रह्मचारिन्) who resides at his preceptor's house.

    • -वर्ति, -ता Feminine respectful behaviour towards Guru (elder or venerable person); निवेद्य गुरवे राज्यं भजिष्ये गुरुवर्तिताम् Rām.2.115.19.

    • -वारः, -वासरः Thursday.

    • -वृत्तिः Feminine the conduct of a pupil towards his preceptor; Rām.2.9.2.

    • -व्यथ Adjective greatly distressed, heavy with grief; वचोभिराशाजननैर्भवानिव गुरुव्यथम् V. 3.9.

    • -शिखरिन् Masculine an epithet of the Himālaya.

    • -श्रुतिः a mantra (especially गायत्री); जपमानो गुरुश्रुतिम् Mb.13. 136.6.

    • -स्वम् (Equivalent to ष्वम्) the preceptor's wealth or property; गवां क्षीरं गुरुष्वं ते... Bm.1.35.

    In the Gita2·52·66·2211·3711·43

    गुरूनहत्वा हि महानुभावान्

    gurūnahatvā hi mahānubhāvān — Better in this world to live even on alms than to slay these high-souled Gurus. Slaying these Gurus, I should taste of blood-stained enjoyments even… 2·5
    • गुरुन्‌gurunaccusative plural of the masculine form of the adjective guru (the teacher, preceptor, master) used as a noun.
    • गरीयःgarīyaḥnominative singular of the neuter form of the compound degree of the adjective guru (great, heavy).
    • गुरुणाguruṇāinstrumental singular of the masculine form of the adjective guru (heavy, great).
    • गरीयसेgarīyasedative singular of the masculine form of the compound degree of the adjective guru (great, heavy).
    • गरीयान्‌garīyānnominative singular of the masculine form of the compound degree of the adjective guru (great, heavy).
    • गुरुःguruḥnominative singular of the masculine form of the adjective guru (teacher, the most solemn object of veneration) used as a noun.

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Headwords under ग

Part 4 of 6 गुडाकेश – गृहम्All parts
  1. ग – गम्य
  2. गय – गाणपत्य
  3. गाणिक्यम् – गुडाका
  4. गुडाकेश – गृहम्
  5. गृहयाय्य – ग्रन्थीकम्
  6. ग्रस् – ग्लौतृ