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Apte Dictionary

V. S. Apte, The Practical Sanskrit–English Dictionary. Look up any word of the Gita in Devanagari, IAST or Harvard-Kyoto, or browse the headwords letter by letter.

Entry यम

  1. यमyamaa.Twin, twinborn.

    [यम्-घञ्]

    1. Twin, twinborn.
    2. Coupled.

    Derived forms and compounds

    • -मम्

      1. A pair or couple.
      2. (In Grammar) The twin letter of any consonant.
      3. Pitch of the voice.

    • -मी Name of the river Yamunā.

    • -मौ

      1. (Masculine Dual)
      2. Śiva.
      3. of Yama.

    • -अरिः, -घ्नः, -रिपुः etc. Name of Viṣṇu.

    • -ईशम् the Nakṣatra Bharaṇī.

    • -किङ्करः

      1. a messenger of death.
      2. Twins; कथं त्वमेतौ धृतिसंयमौ यमौ Ki.1. 36.
      3. Name of the Aśvins; यमौ यमोपमौ चैव ददौ दानान्यनेकशः Mb.14.61.38.
      4. Nakula and Sahadeva; भीमार्जुनयमा- श्चापि तद्युक्तं प्रतिपेदिरे Mb.3.6.14. denotes that the rest of the word under consideration is to be suppliedमैथुनौ twins of different sex.

    • -अनुगः, -अनुचरः a servant or attendant of Yama.

    • -अनुजा Name of the river Yamunā मघोनि वर्षत्य- सकृद् यमानुजा Bhāg.1.3.51.

    • -अन्तकः an epithet of

    • -कीटः

      1. a wood-louse.
      2. an earth-worm.

    • -कीलः Name of Viṣṇu.

    • -कोटिः, -टी Name of a mythical town to the east of Laṅkā लङ्का कुमध्ये यमकोटिरस्याः Siddhāntaśiromaṇi.

    • -घण्टः Name of an astrological Yoga (this is inauspicious).

    • -जः Adjective twin-born, twin; यमजौ चापि भद्रं ते नैतदन्यत्र विद्यते Mb.3.14.19; भ्रातरौ आवां यमजौ Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)6;4; also यमजात-जातक.

    • -दंष्ट्रा 'Yama's tooth', the jaws of death. (-ष्ट्राः Plural) the last eight days of the month Aśvina and the whole of Kārtika (regarded as a period of general sickness).

    • -दिश् Feminine the south.

    • -मः

      1. Restraining, controlling, curbing; यमो राजा धार्मिकाणां मान्धातः परमेश्वरः Mb.12.91.42.
      2. Control, restraint.
      3. Self control.
      4. Any great moral or religious duty or observance (Opposite of नियम); तप्तं यमेन नियमेन तपोऽमुनैव Name13.16; यमनियमकृशीकृतस्थिराङ्गः Ki.1. 1. (यम and नियम are thus distinguished: शरीरसाधनापेक्षं नित्यं यत् कर्म तद् यमः । नियमस्तु स यत् कर्म नित्यमागन्तुसाधनम् ॥ Ak.2.49; See Malli. on Śi.13.23 and Ki.1.1 also. The yamas are usually said to be ten, but, their names are given differently by different writers; Exempli gratia, for example ब्रह्मचर्यं दया क्षान्तिर्दानं सत्यमकल्कता । अहिंसाऽस्तेयमाधुर्ये दमश्चेति यमाः स्मृताः ॥ Y.3.312; or आनृशंस्यं दया सत्यमहिंसा क्षान्तिरार्जवम् । प्रीतिः प्रसादो माधुर्यं मार्दवं च यमा दश ॥ sometimes only fiveyamas are mentioned: अहिंसा सत्यवचनं ब्रह्मचर्यमकल्कता । अस्तेयमिति पञ्चैते यमाख्यानि व्रतानि च ॥).
      5. The first of the eight aṅgas. or means of attaining Yoga; the eightaṅgas are: यमनियमासनप्राणायामप्रत्याहारधारणाध्यानसमाधयोऽ- ष्टाङ्गानि; Śāndilya Up.1.1.2.
      6. The god of death, death personified, regarded as a son of the sun; he presides over the पितृs and rules the spirits of the dead; दत्ताभये त्वयि यमादपि दण्डधारे Ubbayapada (Parasmaipada and Atmanepada)2.11.
      7. A twin; धर्मात्मजं प्रति यमौ च (id est, that is नकुलसहदेवौ) कथैव नास्ति Ve.2.25; यमयो- श्चैव गर्भेषु जन्मतो ज्येष्ठता मता Ms.9.126.
      8. One of a pair or couple, a fellow.
      9. Name of Saturn.
      10. A crow.
      11. A symbolical expression for the number 'two'.
      12. Vedic A rein, bridle; पृष्ठे सदो नसोर्यमः Ṛv.5. 61.2.
      13. Vedic A driver, charioteer; अग्निं रथानां यमम् Ṛv.8.13.1.
      14. Name of a deity who chastises beings for their misdeeds; यमं कालं च मृत्युं च स्वर्गं संपूज्य चार्हतः Mb.12.2.3.
      15. Name of the river Yamunā; क्षणमिव पुलिने यमस्वसुस्ताम् Bhāg.3.4.27.
      16. Name of Durgā.

    • -व्रतम्

      1. an observance or vow made to Yama.
      2. an impartial punishment (as given by Yama); यथा यमः प्रियद्वेष्यौ प्राप्ते काले नियच्छति । तथा राज्ञा नियन्तव्याः प्रजास्तद् हि यमव्रतम् ॥ Ms.9. 37.

    • -शासनः the lord Śiva; यशो यदीयं यमशासनालय-क्षमाधर- स्पर्धनमाचचार सः Rām. Ch.2.12; (यमशासनालयः Equivalent to हिमा- लयः).

    • -श्रायम् the abode of Yama; यात यूयं यमश्रायं दिशं नायेन दक्षिणाम् Bk.7.36.

    • -सभा the tribunal of Yama.

    • -सूर्यम् a building with two halls, one facing the west and the other facing the north.

    • -स्वसृ

      1. Feminine दूतः, दूतकः a messenger of death.
      2. a crow.

    • -दूतिका tamarind.

    • -देवता the asterism Bharaṇī.

    • -द्रुमः Bombax Heptaphyllum (Marâthî सांवरी).

    • -द्वितीया the second day in the bright half of Kārtika when sisters entertain their brothers (Marâthî भाऊबीज); Compare भ्रातृद्वितीया.

    • -धानी the abode of Yama; नरः संसारान्ते विशति यमधानीजवनिकाम् Bh.3.112.

    • -धारः a kind of double-edged weapon.

    • -पटः, -पट्टिका a piece of cloth on which Yama with his attendants and the punishments of hell are represented (Marâthî यमपुरी); याव- देतद् गृहं प्रविश्य यमपटं दर्शयन्न् गीतानि गायामि Mu.1.18/19.

    • -पदम् a repeated word.

    • -पाशः the noose of Yama.

    • -पुरुषः Yama's servant or minister.

    • -प्रियः the fig tree.

    • -भगिनी Name of the river Yamunā.

    • -यातना the tortures inflicted by Yama upon sinners after death, (the word is sometimes used to denote horrible tortures', 'extreme pain').

    • -रथः a buffalo.

    • -राज् Masculine Yama, the god of death.

    • -वाहनः Equivalent to यमरथः quod vide, which see

    In the Gita10·2911·39

    पितॄणामर्यमा चास्मि यमः संयमतामहम् ॥

    pitṝṇāmaryamā cāsmi yamaḥ saṃyamatāmaham. — And I am Ananta among the Nagas, Varuna among the peoples of the sea, Aryaman among the Fathers, Yama (lord of the Law) among those who maintain rule… 10·29
    • यमःyamaḥnominative singular of the masculine noun yama (Yama, the Lord of the Law, the guardian of Dharma).
    Source: ApteSearch all dictionariesAnalyse the word

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Headwords under य

Part 1 of 3 य – यस्मात्All parts
  1. य – यस्मात्
  2. यहु – युज्य
  3. युञ्ज् – यौष्माक