Pāṇini sūtras

After a word denoting direction, the first vowel of the name of a country, with the exception of madra, gets Vṛiddhi before a Taddhita-affix having an indicatory ñ, ṇ, or k

1. diśaḥदिशः

   Part	Lexeme	Sandhi form	Meaning	Stem + termination
   dद्	diśदिश्	diśaḥदिशः	direction	diśदिश् + plus aḥअः

2. a+madrāṇāmअ+मद्राणाम्

   Part	Lexeme	Sandhi form	Meaning	Stem + termination
   aअ	aअ	aअ	not	aअ
   mम्	madraमद्र	madrāṇāmमद्राणाम्	madra [word]	madrमद्र् + plus āMआM

Anuvṛtti

1. uttara+padasyaउत्तर+पदस्य 7·3·10

   Part	Lexeme	Sandhi form	Meaning	Stem + termination
   uउ	uttaraउत्तर	uttaraउत्तर	following	uttarउत्तर् + plus aअ
   pप्	padaपद	padasyaपदस्य	word	padपद् + plus asyaअस्य

2. janapadasyaजनपदस्य 7·3·12

   Part	Lexeme	Sandhi form	Meaning	Stem + termination
   jज्	janapadaजनपद	janapadasyaजनपदस्य	country	janapadजनपद् + plus asyaअस्य